Basic Info

Common NameOkadaic acid(F02574)
2D Structure
Description

Okadaic acid (OA) and dinophysis toxins (DTX1, DTX2, and DTX3) are together termed OA-group toxins. These lipophilic toxins are heat stable, are produced by dinoflagellates and can be found in various species of shellfish, mainly bivalve molluscs. While OA and DTX2 only differ by the position of one methyl group in the molecule, DTX1 has one additional methyl group and DTX3 represents a wide range of derivatives of OA, DTX1 and DTX2 esterified with saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.

FRCD IDF02574
CAS Number78111-17-8
PubChem CID11953808
FormulaC44H68O13
IUPAC Name

(2R)-3-[(2S,6R,8S,11R)-2-[(E,2R)-4-[(2S,2'R,4R,6R,8aR)-4-hydroxy-2-[(1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-[(3R,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl]butyl]-3-methylidenespiro[4a,7,8,8a-tetrahydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran-6,5'-oxolane]-2'-yl]but-3-en-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-4-en-8-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid

InChI Key

QNDVLZJODHBUFM-AAWJMCDUSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C44H68O13/c1-25-21-34(55-44(23-25)35(46)12-11-31(54-44)24-41(6,50)40(48)49)26(2)9-10-30-14-18-43(53-30)19-15-33-39(57-43)36(47)29(5)38(52-33)32(45)22-28(4)37-27(3)13-17-42(56-37)16-7-8-20-51-42/h9-10,23,26-28,30-39,45-47,50H,5,7-8,11-22,24H2,1-4,6H3,(H,48,49)/b10-9+/t26-,27-,28+,30+,31+,32+,33-,34+,35-,36-,37?,38+,39?,41-,42+,43-,44-/m1/s1

Canonical SMILES

CC1CCC2(CCCCO2)OC1C(C)CC(C3C(=C)C(C4C(O3)CCC5(O4)CCC(O5)C=CC(C)C6CC(=CC7(O6)C(CCC(O7)CC(C)(C(=O)O)O)O)C)O)O

Isomeric SMILES

C[C@@H]1CC[C@]2(CCCCO2)OC1[C@@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@@H]3C(=C)[C@H](C4[C@H](O3)CC[C@]5(O4)CC[C@@H](O5)/C=C/[C@@H](C)[C@@H]6CC(=C[C@@]7(O6)[C@@H](CC[C@H](O7)C[C@](C)(C(=O)O)O)O)C)O)O

Synonyms
        
            okadaic acid
        
            78111-17-8
        
            C01945
        
            ro-3H,3'H-spiro[furan-2,2'-pyrano[3,2-b]pyran]-5-yl)but-3-en-2-yl)-10-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-10-en-2-yl)-2-methylpropanoic acid
        
            (2R)-2-hydroxy-3-((2S,5R,6R,8S)-5-hydroxy-8-((2R,E)-4-((2R,4a'R,5R,6'S,8'R)-8'-hydroxy-6'-((1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-((3R,6S)-3-methyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-2-yl)butyl)-7'-methyleneoctahyd
        
Classifies
                

                  
                    Predicted: Animal Toxin
                  

                
        
Update DateNov 13, 2018 17:07

Chemical Taxonomy

KingdomOrganic compounds
SuperclassOrganic oxygen compounds
ClassOrganooxygen compounds
SubclassEthers
Intermediate Tree NodesAcetals
Direct ParentKetals
Alternative Parents
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic heteropolycyclic compounds
SubstituentsKetal - Alpha-hydroxy acid - Hydroxy acid - Oxane - Pyran - Oxolane - Tertiary alcohol - Secondary alcohol - Organoheterocyclic compound - Oxacycle - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Dialkyl ether - Carboxylic acid - Carboxylic acid derivative - Alcohol - Hydrocarbon derivative - Carbonyl group - Organic oxide - Aliphatic heteropolycyclic compound
DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as ketals. These are acetals derived from ketones by replacement of the oxo group by two hydrocarbyloxy groups R2C(OR)2 ( R not Hydrogen ). This term, once abandoned, has been reinstated as a subclass of acetals.

Properties

Property NameProperty Value
Molecular Weight805.015
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count5
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count13
Rotatable Bond Count10
Complexity1520
Monoisotopic Mass804.466
Exact Mass804.466
XLogP3.4
Formal Charge0
Heavy Atom Count57
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count15
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count2
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count1
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Isotope Atom Count0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count1

ADMET

Model Result Probability
Absorption
Blood-Brain BarrierBBB+0.7501
Human Intestinal AbsorptionHIA+0.7740
Caco-2 PermeabilityCaco2-0.7499
P-glycoprotein SubstrateSubstrate0.8476
P-glycoprotein InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.5804
Non-inhibitor0.8289
Renal Organic Cation TransporterNon-inhibitor0.8043
Distribution
Subcellular localizationMitochondria0.7991
Metabolism
CYP450 2C9 SubstrateNon-substrate0.8816
CYP450 2D6 SubstrateNon-substrate0.8930
CYP450 3A4 SubstrateSubstrate0.7343
CYP450 1A2 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8688
CYP450 2C9 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9020
CYP450 2D6 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9508
CYP450 2C19 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8976
CYP450 3A4 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8160
CYP Inhibitory PromiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9621
Excretion
Toxicity
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene InhibitionWeak inhibitor0.9472
Non-inhibitor0.5103
AMES ToxicityNon AMES toxic0.9132
CarcinogensNon-carcinogens0.9710
Fish ToxicityHigh FHMT0.9950
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ToxicityHigh TPT0.9988
Honey Bee ToxicityHigh HBT0.8172
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9771
Acute Oral ToxicityI0.5349
Carcinogenicity (Three-class)Non-required0.5290

Model Value Unit
Absorption
Aqueous solubility-4.5472LogS
Caco-2 Permeability0.3130LogPapp, cm/s
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Toxicity
Rat Acute Toxicity3.6260LD50, mol/kg
Fish Toxicity0.5143pLC50, mg/L
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity0.9784pIGC50, ug/L

References

TitleJournalDatePubmed ID
Sensor system based on flexible screen-printed electrodes for electrochemical detection of okadaic acid in seawater.Talanta2019 Jan 1530348401
<i>Dinophysis acuta</i> in Scottish Coastal Waters and Its Influence on Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxin Profiles.Toxins (Basel)2018 Sep 2830274219
Interannual variability in Dinophysis spp. abundance and toxin accumulation in farmed mussels (Perna perna) in a subtropical estuary.Environ Monit Assess2018 May 529730718
Selective Extraction and Purification of Azaspiracids from Blue Mussels ( Mytilus edulis) Using Boric Acid Gel.J Agric Food Chem2018 Mar 2129502403
Diel Variations in Cell Abundance and Trophic Transfer of Diarrheic Toxins during a Massive <i>Dinophysis</i> Bloom in Southern Brazil.Toxins (Basel)2018 Jun 629882830
Interlaboratory comparison of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry quantification of diarrhetic shellfish toxins in scallop midgut glands.Food Chem2018 Jun 3029478555
Effect of Suspended Particulate Matter on the Accumulation of Dissolved Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins by Mussels (<i>Mytilus galloprovincialis</i>) under Laboratory Conditions.Toxins (Basel)2018 Jul 329970810
Variability and profiles of lipophilic toxins in bivalves from Great Britain during five and a half years of monitoring: Okadaic acid, dinophysis toxins and pectenotoxins.Harmful Algae2018 Jul30005803
Mixtures of Lipophilic Phycotoxins: Exposure Data and Toxicological Assessment.Mar Drugs2018 Jan 3129385038
Pulsed light reduces the toxicity of the algal toxin okadaic acid to freshwater crustacean Daphnia pulex.Environ Sci Pollut Res Int2018 Jan29052147
Combined effect of temperature and nutritional regime on the elimination of the lipophilic toxin okadaic acid in the naturally contaminated wedge shell Donax trunculus.Chemosphere2018 Jan28987405
Self-assembled monolayer-based immunoassays for okadaic acid detection in seawater as monitoring tools.Mar Environ Res2018 Feb29174400
Spatial and seasonal variation of diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in bivalve mollusks from some coastal regions of Vietnam and assessment of potential health risks.Mar Pollut Bull2018 Aug30041395
Comparative toxicity of dinophysistoxin-1 and okadaic acid in mice.J Vet Med Sci2018 Apr 1829491228
Determination of Lipophilic Marine Biotoxins in Mussels Harvested from the Adriatic Sea by LC-MS/MS.Front Microbiol201829487576
Analysis of lipophilic marine biotoxins by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry in seawater from the Catalan Coast.Anal Bioanal Chem2017 Sep28815284
Lipophilic marine toxins discovered in the Bohai Sea using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.Chemosphere2017 Sep28554022
Detection of okadaic acid (OA) using ELISA and colloidal gold immunoassay based on monoclonal antibody.J Hazard Mater2017 Oct 528648727
Accumulation and Tissue Distribution of Dinophysitoxin-1 and Dinophysitoxin-3 in the Mussel Crenomytilus grayanus Feeding on the Benthic Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum foraminosum.Mar Drugs2017 Oct 2429064453
In vitro bioaccessibility of the marine biotoxins okadaic acid, dinophysistoxin-2 and their 7-O-acyl fatty acid ester derivatives in raw and steamed shellfish.Food Chem Toxicol2017 Mar28089692

Targets

General Function:
Protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
Specific Function:
Protein phosphatase that associates with over 200 regulatory proteins to form highly specific holoenzymes which dephosphorylate hundreds of biological targets. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is essential for cell division, and participates in the regulation of glycogen metabolism, muscle contractility and protein synthesis. Dephosphorylates RPS6KB1. Involved in regulation of ionic conductances and long-term synaptic plasticity. May play an important role in dephosphorylating substrates such as the postsynaptic density-associated Ca(2+)/calmodulin dependent protein kinase II. Component of the PTW/PP1 phosphatase complex, which plays a role in the control of chromatin structure and cell cycle progression during the transition from mitosis into interphase. In balance with CSNK1D and CSNK1E, determines the circadian period length, through the regulation of the speed and rhythmicity of PER1 and PER2 phosphorylation. May dephosphorylate CSNK1D and CSNK1E. Dephosphorylates the 'Ser-418' residue of FOXP3 in regulatory T-cells (Treg) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective (PubMed:23396208).
Gene Name:
PPP1CC
Uniprot ID:
P36873
Molecular Weight:
36983.4 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [17139284 ]