Loratadine
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Basic Info
Common Name | Loratadine(F04754) |
2D Structure | |
Description | Loratadine is a tricyclic antihistamine, which has a selective and peripheral H1-antagonist action. It has a long-lasting effect and does not normally cause drowsiness because it does not readily enter the central nervous system; An antiviral that is used in the prophylactic or symptomatic treatment of influenza A. It is also used as an antiparkinsonian agent, to treat extrapyramidal reactions, and for postherpetic neuralgia. The mechanisms of its effects in movement disorders are not well understood but probably reflect an increase in synthesis and release of dopamine, with perhaps some inhibition of dopamine uptake; Loratadine is a drug used to treat allergies. It is marketed by Schering-Plough under several trade names such as Claritin, Clarityn or Claratyne depending on the market, by Lek as Lomilan and by Wyeth as Alavert. It is also available as a generic; Loratadine is a drug used to treat allergies. It is marketed by Schering-Plough under several trade names such as Claritin, Clarityn or Claratyne depending on the market, by Lek as Lomilan and by Wyeth as Alavert. It is also available as a generic. Its active metabolite, desloratadine, is also on the market, though loratadine itself is the only drug of its class available over the counter (at least in the U.S. as of 2005. Loratadine is available off the shelf in the UK. |
FRCD ID | F04754 |
CAS Number | 79794-75-5 |
PubChem CID | 3957 |
Formula | C22H23ClN2O2 |
IUPAC Name | ethyl 4-(8-chloro-5,6-dihydrobenzo[1,2]cyclohepta[2,4-b]pyridin-11-ylidene)piperidine-1-carboxylate |
InChI Key | JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
InChI | InChI=1S/C22H23ClN2O2/c1-2-27-22(26)25-12-9-15(10-13-25)20-19-8-7-18(23)14-17(19)6-5-16-4-3-11-24-21(16)20/h3-4,7-8,11,14H,2,5-6,9-10,12-13H2,1H3 |
Canonical SMILES | CCOC(=O)N1CCC(=C2C3=C(CCC4=C2N=CC=C4)C=C(C=C3)Cl)CC1 |
Isomeric SMILES | CCOC(=O)N1CCC(=C2C3=C(CCC4=C2N=CC=C4)C=C(C=C3)Cl)CC1 |
Wikipedia | Loratadine |
Synonyms | Clarityne loratadine 79794-75-5 Claritin Loratidine Alavert Clarityn Lisino Loracert Loradex |
Classifies | Predicted: Pesticide |
Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
Kingdom | Organic compounds |
Superclass | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
Class | Benzocycloheptapyridines |
Subclass | Not available |
Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
Direct Parent | Benzocycloheptapyridines |
Alternative Parents | |
Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
Substituents | Benzocycloheptapyridine - Piperidinecarboxylic acid - Aryl chloride - Aryl halide - Piperidine - Pyridine - Benzenoid - Heteroaromatic compound - Carbamic acid ester - Carbonic acid derivative - Azacycle - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic oxide - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organochloride - Organohalogen compound - Carbonyl group - Organopnictogen compound - Organic oxygen compound - Organic nitrogen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound |
Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzocycloheptapyridines. These are aromatic compounds containing a benzene ring and a pyridine ring fused to a seven membered carbocycle. |
Properties
Property Name | Property Value |
---|---|
Molecular Weight | 382.888 |
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 3 |
Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
Complexity | 569 |
Monoisotopic Mass | 382.145 |
Exact Mass | 382.145 |
XLogP | 5.2 |
Formal Charge | 0 |
Heavy Atom Count | 27 |
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
ADMET
Model | Result | Probability |
---|---|---|
Absorption | ||
Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.9754 |
Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 1.0000 |
Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2- | 0.5488 |
P-glycoprotein Substrate | Substrate | 0.7337 |
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.9505 |
Inhibitor | 0.8387 | |
Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.5143 |
Distribution | ||
Subcellular localization | Mitochondria | 0.7744 |
Metabolism | ||
CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.8197 |
CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Substrate | 0.8918 |
CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Substrate | 0.6770 |
CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9045 |
CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.8949 |
CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9231 |
CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.8994 |
CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8310 |
CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.9359 |
Excretion | ||
Toxicity | ||
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.7531 |
Inhibitor | 0.8456 | |
AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.6884 |
Carcinogens | Non-carcinogens | 0.9150 |
Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9859 |
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9913 |
Honey Bee Toxicity | Low HBT | 0.7246 |
Biodegradation | Not ready biodegradable | 0.9963 |
Acute Oral Toxicity | II | 0.4705 |
Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Non-required | 0.6408 |
Model | Value | Unit |
---|---|---|
Absorption | ||
Aqueous solubility | -4.5151 | LogS |
Caco-2 Permeability | 0.8111 | LogPapp, cm/s |
Distribution | ||
Metabolism | ||
Excretion | ||
Toxicity | ||
Rat Acute Toxicity | 2.8964 | LD50, mol/kg |
Fish Toxicity | 1.0738 | pLC50, mg/L |
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 0.8033 | pIGC50, ug/L |
Targets
- General Function:
- Histamine receptor activity
- Specific Function:
- In peripheral tissues, the H1 subclass of histamine receptors mediates the contraction of smooth muscles, increase in capillary permeability due to contraction of terminal venules, and catecholamine release from adrenal medulla, as well as mediating neurotransmission in the central nervous system.
- Gene Name:
- HRH1
- Uniprot ID:
- P35367
- Molecular Weight:
- 55783.61 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Like other H<sub>1</sub>-blockers, loratadine competes with free histamine for binding at H<sub>1</sub>-receptors in the GI tract, uterus, large blood vessels, and bronchial muscle. Loratadine also has a weak affinity for acetylcholine and alpha-adrenergic receptors.
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [11752352 ]
- General Function:
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization
- Specific Function:
- Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifying potassium current in heart (IKr). Isoforms USO have no channel activity by themself, but modulates channel characteristics by forming heterotetramers with other isoforms which are retained intracellularly and undergo ubiquitin-dependent degradation.
- Gene Name:
- KCNH2
- Uniprot ID:
- Q12809
- Molecular Weight:
- 126653.52 Da
References
- Taglialatela M, Secondo A, Fresi A, Rosati B, Pannaccione A, Castaldo P, Giorgio G, Wanke E, Annunziato L: Inhibition of depolarization-induced [3H]noradrenaline release from SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells by some second-generation H(1) receptor antagonists through blockade of store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOCs). Biochem Pharmacol. 2001 Nov 1;62(9):1229-38. [11705456 ]
- General Function:
- Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creatinine, amantadine, memantine, acriflavine, 4-[4-(dimethylamino)-styryl]-N-methylpyridinium ASP, amiloride, metformin, N-1-methylnicotinamide (NMN), tetraethylammonium (TEA), 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP), cimetidine, cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Cisplatin may develop a nephrotoxic action. Transport of creatinine is inhibited by fluoroquinolones such as DX-619 and LVFX. This transporter is a major determinant of the anticancer activity of oxaliplatin and may contribute to antitumor specificity.
- Gene Name:
- SLC22A2
- Uniprot ID:
- O15244
- Molecular Weight:
- 62579.99 Da
References
- Busch AE, Karbach U, Miska D, Gorboulev V, Akhoundova A, Volk C, Arndt P, Ulzheimer JC, Sonders MS, Baumann C, Waldegger S, Lang F, Koepsell H: Human neurons express the polyspecific cation transporter hOCT2, which translocates monoamine neurotransmitters, amantadine, and memantine. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;54(2):342-52. [9687576 ]