Luteoskyrin
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Basic Info
| Common Name | Luteoskyrin(F05011) |
| 2D Structure | |
| Description | Luteoskyrin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Penicillium islandicum. It is known to be a storage mold contaminant of rice and has been shown to be hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic. (A3069, A3070) |
| FRCD ID | F05011 |
| CAS Number | 21884-44-6 |
| PubChem CID | 30840 |
| Formula | C30H22O12 |
| IUPAC Name | None |
| InChI Key | FAZDYVMEXQHRLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C30H22O12/c1-5-3-7(31)9-11(19(5)33)27(41)29-13-14-24(38)17(29)26(40)16-22(36)10-8(32)4-6(2)20(34)12(10)28(42)30(14,16)18(23(13)37)25(39)15(29)21(9)35/h3-4,13-14,17-18,23-24,31-38H,1-2H3 |
| Canonical SMILES | CC1=CC(=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C34C5C6C(C3C(=O)C7=C(C8=C(C=C(C(=C8C(=O)C67C(C5O)C(=O)C4=C2O)O)C)O)O)O)O |
| Isomeric SMILES | CC1=CC(=C2C(=C1O)C(=O)C34C5C6C(C3C(=O)C7=C(C8=C(C=C(C(=C8C(=O)C67C(C5O)C(=O)C4=C2O)O)C)O)O)O)O |
| Synonyms |
LUTEOSKYRIN
(-)-Luteoskyrin
Flavomycelin
8,8'-Dihydroxyrugulosin
Rugulosin, 8,8'-dihydroxy-
21884-44-6
NSC160879
RUGULOSIN, 8,8'-DEHYDROXY-
8,8'-Dihydroxy-rugulosin
CCRIS 365
|
| Classifies |
Fungal Toxin
|
| Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Benzenoids |
| Class | Naphthalenes |
| Subclass | Naphthols and derivatives |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Naphthols and derivatives |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homopolycyclic compounds |
| Substituents | 1-naphthol - Aryl alkyl ketone - Aryl ketone - 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid - Cyclic alcohol - Vinylogous acid - Ketone - Secondary alcohol - Enol - Polyol - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic oxide - Alcohol - Organic oxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Organooxygen compound - Aromatic homopolycyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as naphthols and derivatives. These are naphthalene derivatives carrying one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups at any ring position. |
Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 574.494 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 8 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 12 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Complexity | 1360 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 574.111 |
| Exact Mass | 574.111 |
| XLogP | 1.3 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 42 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 8 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
ADMET
| Model | Result | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.5583 |
| Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 0.9919 |
| Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2+ | 0.6902 |
| P-glycoprotein Substrate | Substrate | 0.6668 |
| P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8412 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.9783 | |
| Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.8702 |
| Distribution | ||
| Subcellular localization | Mitochondria | 0.8018 |
| Metabolism | ||
| CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7880 |
| CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.8902 |
| CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Substrate | 0.5856 |
| CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.7987 |
| CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.8655 |
| CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.7757 |
| CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.5255 |
| CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.7816 |
| CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.7748 |
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.9732 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.8712 | |
| AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.9303 |
| Carcinogens | Non-carcinogens | 0.9033 |
| Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9943 |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9740 |
| Honey Bee Toxicity | High HBT | 0.8273 |
| Biodegradation | Not ready biodegradable | 0.9857 |
| Acute Oral Toxicity | III | 0.4760 |
| Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Non-required | 0.5031 |
| Model | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Aqueous solubility | -3.1882 | LogS |
| Caco-2 Permeability | 1.1994 | LogPapp, cm/s |
| Distribution | ||
| Metabolism | ||
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Rat Acute Toxicity | 2.8869 | LD50, mol/kg |
| Fish Toxicity | -0.7155 | pLC50, mg/L |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 1.4211 | pIGC50, ug/L |
References
| Title | Journal | Date | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Determination of a yellow rice toxin, luteoskyrin, in rice by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. | J Food Prot | 2009 Jun | 19610349 |
| [Safety of rice grains and mycotoxins - a historical review of yellow rice mycotoxicoses]. | Yakushigaku Zasshi | 2004 | 16025655 |
| Transformation of mammalian cells by luteoskyrin. | Food Chem Toxicol | 1991 Sep | 1937291 |
| [Carcinogenic fungi (author's transl)]. | Ann Osp Maria Vittoria Torino | 1980 Jan-Jun | 6457547 |
| Simultaneous extraction and fractionation and thin layer chromatographic determination of 14 mycotoxins in grains. | J Assoc Off Anal Chem | 1979 May | 479081 |
| Chronic toxicity and carcinogenicity in mice of the purified mycotoxins, luteoskyrin and cyclochlorotine. | Food Cosmet Toxicol | 1972 Apr | 4342127 |
| Brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) larvae as a screening system for fungal toxins. | Appl Microbiol | 1971 Jun | 5105681 |
| [Mycotoxins in foods. V. Formation of luteoskyrin in different foods]. | Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg | 1971 | 4948034 |
| [Mycotoxins in foods. IV. Effect of byssochlamic acid, aflatoxin B1 and luteoskyrin on some enzymes]. | Zentralbl Bakteriol Parasitenkd Infektionskr Hyg | 1970 | 4994051 |
| Production of luteoskyrin, a hepatotoxic pigment, by Penicillium islandicum Sopp. | Appl Microbiol | 1969 Sep | 5373676 |
| Toxic factors of mould origin. | Can Med Assoc J | 1966 Mar 19 | 5948367 |
Targets
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. A single stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol I. A bridging helix emanates from RPA1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol I by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR1A
- Uniprot ID:
- O95602
- Molecular Weight:
- 194809.645 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Poly(a) rna binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Isoform 1 is involved in UBTF-activated transcription, presumably at a step following PIC formation.Isoform 2 has been described as a component of preformed T-cell receptor (TCR) complex.
- Gene Name:
- CD3EAP
- Uniprot ID:
- O15446
- Molecular Weight:
- 54985.335 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Through its association with RRN3/TIF-IA may be involved in recruitment of Pol I to rDNA promoters.
- Gene Name:
- TWISTNB
- Uniprot ID:
- Q3B726
- Molecular Weight:
- 37432.025 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Appears to be involved in the formation of the initiation complex at the promoter by mediating the interaction between Pol I and UBTF/UBF (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR1E
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9GZS1
- Molecular Weight:
- 53961.43 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Lrr domain binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB11 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2J
- Uniprot ID:
- P52435
- Molecular Weight:
- 13293.19 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB11 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2J2
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9GZM3
- Molecular Weight:
- 13088.14 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB3 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2C
- Uniprot ID:
- P19387
- Molecular Weight:
- 31440.86 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Translation initiation factor binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB7 is part of a subcomplex with RPB4 that binds to a pocket formed by RPB1, RPB2 and RPB6 at the base of the clamp element. The RBP4-RPB7 subcomplex seems to lock the clamp via RPB7 in the closed conformation thus preventing double-stranded DNA to enter the active site cleft. The RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex binds single-stranded DNA and RNA (By similarity). Binds RNA.
- Gene Name:
- POLR2G
- Uniprot ID:
- P62487
- Molecular Weight:
- 19294.195 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB9 is part of the upper jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2I
- Uniprot ID:
- P36954
- Molecular Weight:
- 14523.1 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. RPAC1 is part of the Pol core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR1C
- Uniprot ID:
- O15160
- Molecular Weight:
- 39249.375 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerases catalyze the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II, and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, POLR2F/RPB6 is part of the clamp element and together with parts of RPB1 and RPB2 forms a pocket to which the RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex binds (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2F
- Uniprot ID:
- P61218
- Molecular Weight:
- 14477.92 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively.
- Gene Name:
- POLR2H
- Uniprot ID:
- P52434
- Molecular Weight:
- 17143.115 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and a small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively.
- Gene Name:
- POLR2K
- Uniprot ID:
- P53803
- Molecular Weight:
- 7004.145 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and a small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, POLR2L/RBP10 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2L
- Uniprot ID:
- P62875
- Molecular Weight:
- 7645.02 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
- Specific Function:
- Endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids (PubMed:10497183). Plays a role in RNA polymerase II (RNAp II) transcription termination by degrading R-loop RNA-DNA hybrid formation at G-rich pause sites located downstream of the poly(A) site and behind the elongating RNAp II (PubMed:21700224).
- Gene Name:
- RNASEH1
- Uniprot ID:
- O60930
- Molecular Weight:
- 32064.035 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
- Specific Function:
- Catalytic subunit of RNase HII, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes.
- Gene Name:
- RNASEH2A
- Uniprot ID:
- O75792
- Molecular Weight:
- 33394.58 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
- Specific Function:
- Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes.
- Gene Name:
- RNASEH2B
- Uniprot ID:
- Q5TBB1
- Molecular Weight:
- 35138.455 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common core component of RNA polymerases I and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively.
- Gene Name:
- POLR1D
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y2S0
- Molecular Weight:
- 15237.11 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Ribonucleoside binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest core component of RNA polymerase I which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol I is composed of mobile elements and RPA2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft and probably a clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR1B
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9H9Y6
- Molecular Weight:
- 128228.39 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single-stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing. Acts as an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase when associated with small delta antigen of Hepatitis delta virus, acting both as a replicate and transcriptase for the viral RNA circular genome.
- Gene Name:
- POLR2A
- Uniprot ID:
- P24928
- Molecular Weight:
- 217174.235 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB11 is part of the core element with the central large cleft (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2J3
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9H1A7
- Molecular Weight:
- 13092.11 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Ribonucleoside binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Second largest component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Proposed to contribute to the polymerase catalytic activity and forms the polymerase active center together with the largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB2 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2B
- Uniprot ID:
- P30876
- Molecular Weight:
- 133895.435 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Translation initiation factor binding
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB4 is part of a subcomplex with RPB7 that binds to a pocket formed by RPB1, RPB2 and RPB6 at the base of the clamp element. The RBP4-RPB7 subcomplex seems to lock the clamp via RPB7 in the closed conformation thus preventing double-stranded DNA to enter the active site cleft. The RPB4-RPB7 subcomplex binds single-stranded DNA and RNA (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2D
- Uniprot ID:
- O15514
- Molecular Weight:
- 16311.105 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Dna-directed rna polymerase activity
- Specific Function:
- DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Common component of RNA polymerases I, II and III which synthesize ribosomal RNA precursors, mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs, and small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs, respectively. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Pols are composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. In Pol II, POLR2E/RPB5 is part of the lower jaw surrounding the central large cleft and thought to grab the incoming DNA template. Seems to be the major component in this process (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- POLR2E
- Uniprot ID:
- P19388
- Molecular Weight:
- 24551.075 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]
- General Function:
- Rna-dna hybrid ribonuclease activity
- Specific Function:
- Non catalytic subunit of RNase H2, an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA:DNA hybrids. Participates in DNA replication, possibly by mediating the removal of lagging-strand Okazaki fragment RNA primers during DNA replication. Mediates the excision of single ribonucleotides from DNA:RNA duplexes.
- Gene Name:
- RNASEH2C
- Uniprot ID:
- Q8TDP1
- Molecular Weight:
- 17839.985 Da
- Mechanism of Action:
- Luteoskyrin can inhibit the replication, transcription and repair of DNA, which is at least partially because it inhibits RNA polymerase I and II, as well as ribonuclease H.
References
- Tashiro F, Hiral K, Ueno Y: Inhibitory effects of carcinogenic mycotoxins on deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase and ribonuclease H. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Aug;38(2):191-6. [117749 ]