Fenitrothion
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Basic Info
| Common Name | Fenitrothion(F05068) |
| 2D Structure | |
| Description | Fenitrothion is an organophospahate insecticide that has been used since 1959 to control insects on rice, cereals, fruits, vegetables, stored grains, cotton, to control insects in forests and for fly, mosquito, and cockroach control in public health programs. Between 15 000 and 20 000 tons of fenitrothion are produced per year. The health effects of finitrothion are consistent with those of other organophosphates and are the result of cholinesterase inhibition. |
| FRCD ID | F05068 |
| CAS Number | 122-14-5 |
| PubChem CID | 31200 |
| Formula | C9H12NO5PS |
| IUPAC Name | dimethoxy-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane |
| InChI Key | ZNOLGFHPUIJIMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C9H12NO5PS/c1-7-6-8(4-5-9(7)10(11)12)15-16(17,13-2)14-3/h4-6H,1-3H3 |
| Canonical SMILES | CC1=C(C=CC(=C1)OP(=S)(OC)OC)[N+](=O)[O-] |
| Isomeric SMILES | CC1=C(C=CC(=C1)OP(=S)(OC)OC)[N+](=O)[O-] |
| Wikipedia | Fenitrothion |
| Synonyms |
122-14-5
FENITROTHION
Phenitrothion
Sumithion
Methylnitrophos
Folithion
Metathion
Nitrophos
Oleosumifene
Ovadofos
|
| Classifies |
Pollutant
Pesticide
|
| Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Organic acids and derivatives |
| Class | Organic thiophosphoric acids and derivatives |
| Subclass | Thiophosphoric acid esters |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Aryl thiophosphates |
| Direct Parent | Phenyl thiophosphates |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Phenyl thiophosphate - Nitrobenzene - Nitrotoluene - Phenoxy compound - Nitroaromatic compound - Thiophosphate triester - Toluene - Monocyclic benzene moiety - Benzenoid - C-nitro compound - Organic nitro compound - Organic oxoazanium - Organic 1,3-dipolar compound - Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound - Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound - Organic nitrogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organic oxide - Organopnictogen compound - Organic oxygen compound - Aromatic homomonocyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenyl thiophosphates. These are organothiophosphorus compounds that contain a thiophosphoric acid O-esterified with a phenyl group. |
Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 277.231 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 4 |
| Complexity | 313 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 277.017 |
| Exact Mass | 277.017 |
| XLogP | 3.3 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 17 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
MRLs
| Food | Product Code | Country | MRLs | Application Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plums (American plums, Beach plums, Cherry plums /myrabolans, Chickasaw plums, Chinese jujubes/red dates/Chinese dates, Damsons/ bullaces, Gages/greengages/Reine Claudes, Japanese plums, Klamath pl... | 0140040 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Blueberries (Aronia berries/chokeberries (black, purple and red), Aronia berries/chokeberries (black, purple and red), Aronia berries/chokeberries (black, purple and red), Bearberries, Bilberries/E... | 0154010 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Cherimoyas (Elephant apples, Ilamas, Mammey sapotes, Marmeladedos, Pulasans, Rambutans/hairy litchis, Sapodillas, Sweetsops/sugar apples, Wild sweetsops/custard apples,) | 0163060 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Horseradishes (Dandelion roots, Gentiana roots, East Indian galangal/aromatic ginger/sand galangal, Fingerroot, Galangal roots, Galangal roots, Galangal roots, Galangal roots, Ginger roots, Greater... | 0213040 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Brassica vegetables (excluding brassica roots and brassica baby leaf crops) | 0240000 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Chinese cabbages/pe-tsai (Chinese flat cabbages/tatsoi/tai goo choi, Indian mustards/mustard greens, Komatsuna/mustard spinaches, Mizuna (4), Pak-choi/paksoi, Turnip greens/turnip tops (5), Seakale,) | 0243010 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Basil and edible flowers (Apple mint, Asiatic pennywort, Bergamot mint/eau-de-Cologne mint, Corsican mint, Courgette (edible flowers), Gingermint, Greek bush basil, Hoary basil, Holy basil/tulsi, L... | 0256080 | European Union | 0.02* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Laurel/bay leaves (Curry leaves, Kaffir lime leaves, Siamese cassia, Wild betel leaves, Pandan leaves,) | 0256090 | European Union | 0.02* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Tarragon (Aztec sweet herb, Epazote/Mexican tea/wormseed, Hyssop, Lemongrass, Mexican oregano, Nettle, Other species of the genus Urtica, not elsewhere mentioned, Russian tarragon, Stevia,) | 0256100 | European Union | 0.02* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Cultivated fungi (Common mushrooms/button mushrooms/champignons mushrooms, Corn smuts/ Mexican truffles, Enokitake/winter mushrooms, Fusarium venenatum, Horse mushrooms, Jew's ears/hirneola, Nameko... | 0280010 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Borage seeds (Corn gromwell seeds, Evening primrose seeds, Honesty seeds, Honesty seeds, Perilla seeds, Purple viper's bugloss seeds,) | 0401120 | European Union | 0.02* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Rose (Almond, Bee balm, Bitter orange/sour orange, Black locust, Cat’s foot, Chrysanthemum, Cinnamon, Clary sage, Cornflower, Cowslip/primrose, Daisy, Dyer’s broom, Elder, Field poppy, Great mullei... | 0631030 | European Union | 0.05* | 26/04/2013 | |
| (d) any other parts of the plant (Blond psyllium (seeds, husks), Chamomile (seeds), Cherries (sweet) (stems), China/Jesuit's bark (bark), China/Jesuit's bark (bark), Cocoa (husks), Condurango (bark... | 0639000 | European Union | 0.05* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Muscle | 1014010 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Edible offals (other than liver and kidney) | 1015050 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Citrus fruits | 0110000 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Grapefruits (Natsudaidais, Shaddocks/pomelos, Sweeties/oroblancos, Tangelolos, Tangelos (except minneolas)/Ugli®, Other hybrids of Citrus paradisi, not elsewhere mentioned,) | 0110010 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Oranges (Bergamots, Bitter oranges/sour oranges, Blood oranges, Cara caras, Chinottos, Trifoliate oranges, Other hybrids of Citrus sinensis, not elsewhere mentioned,) | 0110020 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Lemons (Buddha's hands/Buddha's fingers, Citrons,) | 0110030 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 | |
| Limes (Indian sweet limes/Palestine sweet limes, Kaffir limes, Sweet limes/mosambis, Tahiti limes, Limequats,) | 0110040 | European Union | 0.01* | 26/04/2013 |
References
| Title | Journal | Date | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Detection of Pesticide Residues (Fenitrothion) in Fruit Samples Based On Niobium Carbide@Molybdenum Nanocomposite: An Electrocatalytic Approach. | Anal Chim Acta | 2018 Nov 7 | 30032773 |
| Selective effects of fenitrothion on murine splenic T-lymphocyte populations and cytokine/granzyme production. | J Environ Sci Health B | 2018 May 4 | 29431569 |
| Epididymal phospholipidosis is a possible mechanism for spermatotoxicity induced by the organophosphorus insecticide fenitrothion in rats. | Toxicol Lett | 2018 Mar 15 | 29292090 |
| Two-Dimensional 1T-Phase Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as Nanocarriers ToEnhance and Stabilize Enzyme Activity for Electrochemical Pesticide Detection. | ACS Nano | 2017 Jun 27 | 28586194 |
| Surveillance of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables from Accra Metropolismarkets, Ghana, 2010-2012: a case study in Sub-Saharan Africa. | Environ Sci Pollut Res Int | 2017 Jul | 28589271 |
| Metabolism of an Insecticide Fenitrothion by Cunninghamella elegans ATCC36112. | J Agric Food Chem | 2017 Dec 13 | 29144738 |
| The ameliorating effects of selenium and vitamin C against fenitrothion-induced blood toxicity in Wistar rats. | Environ Toxicol Pharmacol | 2017 Dec | 28961515 |
| Simultaneous determination of pesticide residues and antioxidants in blended oil using a liquid-liquid extraction combined with dispersive solid phase extraction method. | Food Chem | 2017 Aug 15 | 28372183 |
| Validation of QuEChERS based method for determination of fenitrothion residues intomatoes by gas chromatography-flame photometric detector: Decline pattern andrisk assessment. | Food Chem | 2017 Aug 15 | 28372248 |
| Graphene modified screen printed immunosensor for highly sensitive detection ofparathion. | Biosens Bioelectron | 2016 Sep 15 | 27135939 |
| Residue levels of five grain-storage-use insecticides during the productionprocess of sorghum distilled spirits. | Food Chem | 2016 Sep 1 | 27041292 |
| Sensitive Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Medicinal Plants UsingUltrasound-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Combined withSweeping Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. | J Agric Food Chem | 2016 Feb 3 | 26758524 |
| Difference between Consensus Value of Participants' Results and Isotope-Dilution Mass Spectrometric Results in Proficiency Testing for Pesticide Residues inHusked Wheat. | Anal Sci | 2016 | 27169656 |
| Vortex-assisted low density solvent liquid-liquid microextraction andsalt-induced demulsification coupled to high performance liquid chromatographyfor the determination of five organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits. | Talanta | 2015 Jan | 25476376 |
| Complete genome sequence of the phenanthrene-degrading soil bacterium Delftiaacidovorans Cs1-4. | Stand Genomic Sci | 2015 Aug 15 | 26380642 |
| [Validation of ELISA Kits for Pesticide Residue Analysis in Vegetables andFruits]. | Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi | 2015 | 26699271 |
| Photodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides in honey medium. | Ecotoxicol Environ Saf | 2014 Oct | 25042249 |
| Thin-layer chromatography/direct analysis in real time time-of-flight massspectrometry and isotope dilution to analyze organophosphorus insecticides infatty foods. | J Chromatogr A | 2014 Nov 28 | 25454149 |
| Rapid and sensitive suspension array for multiplex detection of organophosphorus pesticides and carbamate pesticides based on silica-hydrogel hybrid microbeads. | J Hazard Mater | 2014 May 30 | 24769809 |
| Effect of vitamin C dietary supplementation in reducing the alterations inducedby fenitrothion in Oreochromis niloticus. | Fish Physiol Biochem | 2014 Jun | 24197701 |
Targets
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.
- Gene Name:
- AR
- Uniprot ID:
- P10275
- Molecular Weight:
- 98987.9 Da
References
- Tamura H, Yoshikawa H, Gaido KW, Ross SM, DeLisle RK, Welsh WJ, Richard AM: Interaction of organophosphate pesticides and related compounds with the androgen receptor. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Apr;111(4):545-52. [12676613 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID:
- P33261
- Molecular Weight:
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- This enzyme metabolizes arachidonic acid predominantly via a NADPH-dependent olefin epoxidation to all four regioisomeric cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. One of the predominant enzymes responsible for the epoxidation of endogenous cardiac arachidonic acid pools.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2J2
- Uniprot ID:
- P51589
- Molecular Weight:
- 57610.165 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID:
- P20813
- Molecular Weight:
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C18
- Uniprot ID:
- P33260
- Molecular Weight:
- 55710.075 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID:
- P11712
- Molecular Weight:
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID:
- P20815
- Molecular Weight:
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P04798
- Molecular Weight:
- 58164.815 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function:
- Receptor for TNFSF5/CD40LG. Transduces TRAF6- and MAP3K8-mediated signals that activate ERK in macrophages and B cells, leading to induction of immunoglobulin secretion.
- Gene Name:
- CD40
- Uniprot ID:
- P25942
- Molecular Weight:
- 30618.76 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Progesterone receptor isoform B (PRB) is involved activation of c-SRC/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation.Isoform A: inactive in stimulating c-Src/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation.Isoform 4: Increases mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular respiration upon stimulation by progesterone.
- Gene Name:
- PGR
- Uniprot ID:
- P06401
- Molecular Weight:
- 98979.96 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic antidepressants.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID:
- P10635
- Molecular Weight:
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Glutathione transferase activity
- Specific Function:
- Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.
- Gene Name:
- GSTA2
- Uniprot ID:
- P09210
- Molecular Weight:
- 25663.675 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide (PubMed:11159812). Catalyzes 4-beta-hydroxylation of cholesterol. May catalyze 25-hydroxylation of cholesterol in vitro (PubMed:21576599).
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID:
- P08684
- Molecular Weight:
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID:
- P05177
- Molecular Weight:
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Serotonin:sodium symporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Serotonin transporter whose primary function in the central nervous system involves the regulation of serotonergic signaling via transport of serotonin molecules from the synaptic cleft back into the pre-synaptic terminal for re-utilization. Plays a key role in mediating regulation of the availability of serotonin to other receptors of serotonergic systems. Terminates the action of serotonin and recycles it in a sodium-dependent manner.
- Gene Name:
- SLC6A4
- Uniprot ID:
- P31645
- Molecular Weight:
- 70324.165 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid binding
- Specific Function:
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
- Gene Name:
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P22309
- Molecular Weight:
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]