Norflurazon
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Basic Info
| Common Name | Norflurazon(F05114) |
| 2D Structure | |
| Description | Norflurazon is a pyridazinone herbicide used to control grass and broadleaf weeds. Norflurazon inhibits carotenoid synthesis, which causes chlorophyll depletion and inhibition of photosynthesis in plants. Norflurazon has low toxicity if individuals accidentally eat residues, and very low toxicity if it is inhaled or gets on skin. |
| FRCD ID | F05114 |
| CAS Number | 27314-13-2 |
| PubChem CID | 33775 |
| Formula | C12H9ClF3N3O |
| IUPAC Name | 4-chloro-5-(methylamino)-2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyridazin-3-one |
| InChI Key | NVGOPFQZYCNLDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C12H9ClF3N3O/c1-17-9-6-18-19(11(20)10(9)13)8-4-2-3-7(5-8)12(14,15)16/h2-6,17H,1H3 |
| Canonical SMILES | CNC1=C(C(=O)N(N=C1)C2=CC=CC(=C2)C(F)(F)F)Cl |
| Isomeric SMILES | CNC1=C(C(=O)N(N=C1)C2=CC=CC(=C2)C(F)(F)F)Cl |
| Synonyms |
Zorial
Monometflurazone
NORFLURAZON
Norflurazone
Solicam
27314-13-2
Monometflurazon
Evital
SAN 9789
Evitol
|
| Classifies |
Pesticide
|
| Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Benzenoids |
| Class | Benzene and substituted derivatives |
| Subclass | Trifluoromethylbenzenes |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Trifluoromethylbenzenes |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Trifluoromethylbenzene - Aminopyridazine - Pyridazinone - Secondary aliphatic/aromatic amine - Aryl chloride - Aryl halide - Pyridazine - Vinylogous amide - Heteroaromatic compound - Lactam - Azacycle - Organoheterocyclic compound - Secondary amine - Organic oxide - Amine - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organofluoride - Organochloride - Organohalogen compound - Organic oxygen compound - Alkyl halide - Alkyl fluoride - Organic nitrogen compound - Organopnictogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as trifluoromethylbenzenes. These are organofluorine compounds that contain a benzene ring substituted with one or more trifluoromethyl groups. |
Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 303.669 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 2 |
| Complexity | 461 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 303.039 |
| Exact Mass | 303.039 |
| XLogP | 2.3 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 20 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
ADMET
| Model | Result | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.9680 |
| Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 1.0000 |
| Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2+ | 0.5126 |
| P-glycoprotein Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7493 |
| P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.7193 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.9432 | |
| Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.8650 |
| Distribution | ||
| Subcellular localization | Mitochondria | 0.8540 |
| Metabolism | ||
| CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7182 |
| CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.8103 |
| CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Substrate | 0.6703 |
| CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.8669 |
| CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.7215 |
| CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9568 |
| CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.6690 |
| CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.7237 |
| CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.6284 |
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.9548 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.6795 | |
| AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.8075 |
| Carcinogens | Non-carcinogens | 0.8595 |
| Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9949 |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9632 |
| Honey Bee Toxicity | Low HBT | 0.9250 |
| Biodegradation | Not ready biodegradable | 1.0000 |
| Acute Oral Toxicity | IV | 0.6289 |
| Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Non-required | 0.5481 |
| Model | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Aqueous solubility | -3.9776 | LogS |
| Caco-2 Permeability | 1.2124 | LogPapp, cm/s |
| Distribution | ||
| Metabolism | ||
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Rat Acute Toxicity | 1.6107 | LD50, mol/kg |
| Fish Toxicity | 1.5586 | pLC50, mg/L |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 0.7325 | pIGC50, ug/L |
MRLs
| Food | Product Code | Country | MRLs | Application Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other Poultry Animals,Edible Offal | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Chicken,Edible Offal | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Poultry Animals,Kidney | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Chicken,Kidney | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Poultry Animals,Liver | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Chicken,Liver | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Poultry Animals,Fat | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Chicken,Fat | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Poultry Animals,Muscle | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Chicken,Muscle | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Milk | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Terrestrial Mammals,Edible Offal | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Pig,Edible Offal | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Cattle,Edible Offal | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Terrestrial Mammals,Kidney | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Pig,Kidney | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Cattle,Kidney | Japan | 0.1ppm | |||
| Other Terrestrial Mammals,Liver | Japan | 0.3ppm | |||
| Pig,Liver | Japan | 0.3ppm | |||
| Cattle,Liver | Japan | 0.3ppm |
References
| Title | Journal | Date | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Determination of norflurazon concentration in wheat leaves using a modifiedQuEChERS method. | Acta Biochim Pol | 2017 | 28822995 |
| Influence of Three Citrus Herbicides on Potential Production of Sorghum bicolor 'Topper 76-6' as a Bioenergy Crop. | Bull Environ Contam Toxicol | 2016 Nov | 27686087 |
| Community air monitoring for pesticides-part 2: multiresidue determination ofpesticides in air by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. | Environ Monit Assess | 2014 Mar | 24370860 |
| Carotenoid inhibitors reduce strigolactone production and Striga hermonthicainfection in rice. | Arch Biochem Biophys | 2010 Dec 1 | 20732294 |
| Herbicide treatments alter carotenoid profiles for 14C tracer production fromtomato ( Solanum lycopersicum cv. VFNT cherry) cell cultures. | J Agric Food Chem | 2009 Jun 10 | 19489618 |
| Evidence that norflurazon affects chloroplast lipid unsaturation in soybeanleaves (Glycine max L.). | J Agric Food Chem | 2009 Dec 9 | 19951003 |
| Norflurazon mobility, dissipation, activity, and persistence in a sandy soil asinfluenced by formulation. | J Agric Food Chem | 2007 May 2 | 17407320 |
| Characterization of a higher plant herbicide-resistant phytoene desaturase andits use as a selectable marker. | Plant Biotechnol J | 2006 Mar | 17177802 |
| Phytoremediation of the herbicides atrazine and metolachlor by transgenic riceplants expressing human CYP1A1, CYP2B6, and CYP2C19. | J Agric Food Chem | 2006 Apr 19 | 16608219 |
| Controlled release of the herbicide norflurazon into water from ethylcelluloseformulations. | J Agric Food Chem | 2005 May 4 | 15853399 |
| Transgenic rice containing human CYP2B6 detoxifies various classes of herbicides. | J Agric Food Chem | 2005 May 4 | 15853388 |
| Analysis of substrate specificity of pig CYP2B22 and CYP2C49 towards herbicidesby transgenic rice plants. | Transgenic Res | 2005 Dec | 16315095 |
| Effect of soil type on adsorption-desorption, mobility, and activity of theherbicide norflurazon. | J Agric Food Chem | 2004 Feb 25 | 14969546 |
| Preparation and characterization of inclusion complex of norflurazon andbeta-cyclodextrin to improve herbicide formulations. | J Agric Food Chem | 2004 Feb 25 | 14969543 |
| Phytoene desaturase inhibition by O-(2-phenoxy)ethyl-N-aralkylcarbamates. | J Agric Food Chem | 2003 May 7 | 12720390 |
| Bleaching herbicide norflurazon inhibits phytoene desaturase by competition with the cofactors. | J Agric Food Chem | 2001 Nov | 11714315 |
| Carotenoid dependence of the protochlorophyllide to chlorophyllidephototransformation in dark-grown wheat seedlings. | J Photochem Photobiol B | 2001 Dec 31 | 11809376 |
| Photostabilization of the herbicide norflurazon by using organoclays. | J Agric Food Chem | 2000 Oct | 11052733 |
| Organo-clay formulations of the hydrophobic herbicide norflurazon yield reducedleaching. | J Agric Food Chem | 2000 Oct | 11052732 |
| In vitro and in situ inhibition of carotenoid biosynthesis in Capsicum annuum by bleaching herbicides. | J Agric Food Chem | 2000 Oct | 11052718 |
Targets
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones. Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes.
- Gene Name:
- NR1I2
- Uniprot ID:
- O75469
- Molecular Weight:
- 49761.245 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Platelet-derived growth factor binding
- Specific Function:
- Collagen type III occurs in most soft connective tissues along with type I collagen. Involved in regulation of cortical development. Is the major ligand of GPR56 in the developing brain and binding to GPR56 inhibits neuronal migration and activates the RhoA pathway by coupling GPR56 to GNA13 and possibly GNA12.
- Gene Name:
- COL3A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P02461
- Molecular Weight:
- 138564.005 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function:
- Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TGFA/TGF-alpha, amphiregulin, epigen/EPGN, BTC/betacellulin, epiregulin/EREG and HBEGF/heparin-binding EGF. Ligand binding triggers receptor homo- and/or heterodimerization and autophosphorylation on key cytoplasmic residues. The phosphorylated receptor recruits adapter proteins like GRB2 which in turn activates complex downstream signaling cascades. Activates at least 4 major downstream signaling cascades including the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, PI3 kinase-AKT, PLCgamma-PKC and STATs modules. May also activate the NF-kappa-B signaling cascade. Also directly phosphorylates other proteins like RGS16, activating its GTPase activity and probably coupling the EGF receptor signaling to the G protein-coupled receptor signaling. Also phosphorylates MUC1 and increases its interaction with SRC and CTNNB1/beta-catenin.Isoform 2 may act as an antagonist of EGF action.
- Gene Name:
- EGFR
- Uniprot ID:
- P00533
- Molecular Weight:
- 134276.185 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Sulfotransferase activity
- Specific Function:
- Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands.
- Gene Name:
- SULT2A1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q06520
- Molecular Weight:
- 33779.57 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID:
- P33261
- Molecular Weight:
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Transcription regulatory region dna binding
- Specific Function:
- Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes (such as the CYP1A1 gene). Mediates biochemical and toxic effects of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Involved in cell-cycle regulation. Likely to play an important role in the development and maturation of many tissues. Regulates the circadian clock by inhibiting the basal and circadian expression of the core circadian component PER1. Inhibits PER1 by repressing the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer mediated transcriptional activation of PER1.
- Gene Name:
- AHR
- Uniprot ID:
- P35869
- Molecular Weight:
- 96146.705 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide (PubMed:11159812). Catalyzes 4-beta-hydroxylation of cholesterol. May catalyze 25-hydroxylation of cholesterol in vitro (PubMed:21576599).
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID:
- P08684
- Molecular Weight:
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid binding
- Specific Function:
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
- Gene Name:
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P22309
- Molecular Weight:
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID:
- P20813
- Molecular Weight:
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P04798
- Molecular Weight:
- 58164.815 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID:
- P05177
- Molecular Weight:
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Type iii transforming growth factor beta receptor binding
- Specific Function:
- Multifunctional protein that controls proliferation, differentiation and other functions in many cell types. Many cells synthesize TGFB1 and have specific receptors for it. It positively and negatively regulates many other growth factors. It plays an important role in bone remodeling as it is a potent stimulator of osteoblastic bone formation, causing chemotaxis, proliferation and differentiation in committed osteoblasts. Can promote either T-helper 17 cells (Th17) or regulatory T-cells (Treg) lineage differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. At high concentrations, leads to FOXP3-mediated suppression of RORC and down-regulation of IL-17 expression, favoring Treg cell development. At low concentrations in concert with IL-6 and IL-21, leads to expression of the IL-17 and IL-23 receptors, favoring differentiation to Th17 cells.
- Gene Name:
- TGFB1
- Uniprot ID:
- P01137
- Molecular Weight:
- 44340.685 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.
- Gene Name:
- ESR1
- Uniprot ID:
- P03372
- Molecular Weight:
- 66215.45 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]