17-Hydroxyprogesterone
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Basic Info
| Common Name | 17-Hydroxyprogesterone(F05319) |
| 2D Structure | |
| Description | It serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of hydrocortisone and gonadal steroid hormones. It is derived from progesterone via 17-hydroxylase, a P450c17 enzyme, or from 17-hydroxypregnenolone via 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-4 isomerase. 17-Hydroxyprogesterone is a natural progestin and in pregnancy increases in the third trimester primarily due to fetal adrenal production. This hormone is primarily produced in the adrenal glands and to some degree in the gonads, specifically the corpus luteum of the ovary. Normal levels are 3-90 ng/dl in children, and in women, 15-70 ng/dl prior to ovulation, and 35-290 ng/dl during the luteal phase. Measurements of levels of 17-hydroxyprogesterone are useful in the evaluation of patients with suspected congenital adrenal hyperplasia as the typical enzymes that are defective, namely 21-hydroxylase and 11β-hydroxylase, lead to a build-up of 17OHP. In contrast, the rare patient with 17α-hydroxylase deficiency will have very low or undetectable levels of 17OHP. 17OHP levels can also be used to measure contribution of progestational activity of the corpus luteum during pregnancy as progesterone but not 17OHP is also contributed by the placenta. |
| FRCD ID | F05319 |
| CAS Number | 68-96-2 |
| PubChem CID | 6238 |
| Formula | C21H30O3 |
| IUPAC Name | (8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-acetyl-17-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one |
| InChI Key | DBPWSSGDRRHUNT-CEGNMAFCSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C21H30O3/c1-13(22)21(24)11-8-18-16-5-4-14-12-15(23)6-9-19(14,2)17(16)7-10-20(18,21)3/h12,16-18,24H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t16-,17+,18+,19+,20+,21+/m1/s1 |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(=O)C1(CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4=CC(=O)CCC34C)C)O |
| Isomeric SMILES | CC(=O)[C@]1(CC[C@@H]2[C@@]1(CC[C@H]3[C@H]2CCC4=CC(=O)CC[C@]34C)C)O |
| Wikipedia | 17-Hydroxyprogesterone |
| Synonyms |
Gestageno gador
hydroxyprogesterone
17ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE
17-Hydroxyprogesterone
68-96-2
17a-Hydroxyprogesterone
Prodix
Prodox
Setaderm
Oxiprogesteronum
|
| Classifies |
Animal Toxin
|
| Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
| Class | Steroids and steroid derivatives |
| Subclass | Pregnane steroids |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Progestogin-skeleton - 20-oxosteroid - 3-oxo-delta-4-steroid - 3-oxosteroid - 17-hydroxysteroid - Oxosteroid - Hydroxysteroid - Delta-4-steroid - Cyclohexenone - Alpha-hydroxy ketone - Cyclic alcohol - Tertiary alcohol - Cyclic ketone - Ketone - Organic oxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Hydrocarbon derivative - Alcohol - Organooxygen compound - Organic oxide - Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety. |
Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 330.468 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 1 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 3 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 1 |
| Complexity | 635 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 330.219 |
| Exact Mass | 330.219 |
| XLogP | 3.2 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 24 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 6 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
ADMET
| Model | Result | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.9762 |
| Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 1.0000 |
| Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2+ | 0.7733 |
| P-glycoprotein Substrate | Substrate | 0.7066 |
| P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.7716 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.7160 | |
| Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.7901 |
| Distribution | ||
| Subcellular localization | Mitochondria | 0.8483 |
| Metabolism | ||
| CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.8251 |
| CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.9117 |
| CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Substrate | 0.7701 |
| CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9425 |
| CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9071 |
| CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9506 |
| CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.6103 |
| CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8309 |
| CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.9304 |
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.9526 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.7342 | |
| AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.9345 |
| Carcinogens | Non-carcinogens | 0.9474 |
| Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9924 |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9834 |
| Honey Bee Toxicity | High HBT | 0.8245 |
| Biodegradation | Not ready biodegradable | 0.9754 |
| Acute Oral Toxicity | IV | 0.5200 |
| Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Non-required | 0.5040 |
| Model | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Aqueous solubility | -4.6473 | LogS |
| Caco-2 Permeability | 1.6315 | LogPapp, cm/s |
| Distribution | ||
| Metabolism | ||
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Rat Acute Toxicity | 1.9310 | LD50, mol/kg |
| Fish Toxicity | 0.6474 | pLC50, mg/L |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 0.7853 | pIGC50, ug/L |
Targets
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Progesterone receptor isoform B (PRB) is involved activation of c-SRC/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation.Isoform A: inactive in stimulating c-Src/MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation.Isoform 4: Increases mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular respiration upon stimulation by progesterone.
- Gene Name:
- PGR
- Uniprot ID:
- P06401
- Molecular Weight:
- 98979.96 Da
References
- Attardi BJ, Zeleznik A, Simhan H, Chiao JP, Mattison DR, Caritis SN: Comparison of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor binding and stimulation of gene expression by progesterone, 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and related progestins. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Dec;197(6):599.e1-7. [18060946 ]
- General Function:
- Androgen binding
- Specific Function:
- Functions as an androgen transport protein, but may also be involved in receptor mediated processes. Each dimer binds one molecule of steroid. Specific for 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, and 17-beta-estradiol. Regulates the plasma metabolic clearance rate of steroid hormones by controlling their plasma concentration.
- Gene Name:
- SHBG
- Uniprot ID:
- P04278
- Molecular Weight:
- 43778.755 Da
References
- Cherkasov A, Ban F, Santos-Filho O, Thorsteinson N, Fallahi M, Hammond GL: An updated steroid benchmark set and its application in the discovery of novel nanomolar ligands of sex hormone-binding globulin. J Med Chem. 2008 Apr 10;51(7):2047-56. doi: 10.1021/jm7011485. Epub 2008 Mar 11. [18330978 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins. Transcription activation is down-regulated by NR0B2. Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3.
- Gene Name:
- AR
- Uniprot ID:
- P10275
- Molecular Weight:
- 98987.9 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID:
- P33261
- Molecular Weight:
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor activity
- Specific Function:
- The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. Signaling promotes phospholipase C activity, leading to the release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3); this then triggers calcium ion release into the cytosol.
- Gene Name:
- CHRM2
- Uniprot ID:
- P08172
- Molecular Weight:
- 51714.605 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones. Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes.
- Gene Name:
- NR1I2
- Uniprot ID:
- O75469
- Molecular Weight:
- 49761.245 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors. Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth. Involved in chromatin remodeling. May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic genes expression.
- Gene Name:
- NR3C1
- Uniprot ID:
- P04150
- Molecular Weight:
- 85658.57 Da
References
- Attardi BJ, Zeleznik A, Simhan H, Chiao JP, Mattison DR, Caritis SN: Comparison of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptor binding and stimulation of gene expression by progesterone, 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate, and related progestins. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Dec;197(6):599.e1-7. [18060946 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.
- Gene Name:
- ESR1
- Uniprot ID:
- P03372
- Molecular Weight:
- 66215.45 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]