Coumaphos
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Basic Info
| Common Name | Coumaphos(F05400) |
| 2D Structure | |
| Description | Coumaphos is a nonvolatile, fat-soluble phosphorothioate with ectoparasiticide properties: it kills insects and mites. It is well known by a variety of brand names as a dip or wash, used on farm and domestic animals to control ticks, mites, flies and fleas. |
| FRCD ID | F05400 |
| CAS Number | 56-72-4 |
| PubChem CID | 2871 |
| Formula | C14H16ClO5PS |
| IUPAC Name | 3-chloro-7-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxy-4-methylchromen-2-one |
| InChI Key | BXNANOICGRISHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C14H16ClO5PS/c1-4-17-21(22,18-5-2)20-10-6-7-11-9(3)13(15)14(16)19-12(11)8-10/h6-8H,4-5H2,1-3H3 |
| Canonical SMILES | CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=C(C(=O)O2)Cl)C |
| Isomeric SMILES | CCOP(=S)(OCC)OC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=C(C(=O)O2)Cl)C |
| Synonyms |
COUMAPHOS
Asuntol
56-72-4
Coumafos
Asunthol
Baymix
Resitox
Azunthol
Muscatox
Agridip
|
| Classifies |
Pollutant
Pesticide
|
| Update Date | Nov 13, 2018 17:07 |
Chemical Taxonomy
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
| Superclass | Phenylpropanoids and polyketides |
| Class | Coumarins and derivatives |
| Subclass | Not available |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Coumarins and derivatives |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Coumarin - Aryl thiophosphate - Benzopyran - 1-benzopyran - Thiophosphate triester - Pyranone - Aryl chloride - Aryl halide - Thiophosphoric acid ester - Benzenoid - Organic thiophosphoric acid or derivatives - Pyran - Heteroaromatic compound - Lactone - Organoheterocyclic compound - Oxacycle - Organochloride - Organohalogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic oxide - Organic oxygen compound - Organooxygen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as coumarins and derivatives. These are polycyclic aromatic compounds containing a 1-benzopyran moiety with a ketone group at the C2 carbon atom (1-benzopyran-2-one). |
Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 362.761 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 6 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 6 |
| Complexity | 500 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 362.014 |
| Exact Mass | 362.014 |
| XLogP | 4.5 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 22 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
ADMET
| Model | Result | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.8878 |
| Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 0.9905 |
| Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2+ | 0.5000 |
| P-glycoprotein Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.5843 |
| P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.8564 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.8326 | |
| Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.8705 |
| Distribution | ||
| Subcellular localization | Lysosome | 0.5687 |
| Metabolism | ||
| CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7668 |
| CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7428 |
| CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Substrate | 0.5844 |
| CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.5765 |
| CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.5285 |
| CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8941 |
| CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.5333 |
| CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Inhibitor | 0.7960 |
| CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.6558 |
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.7026 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.7938 | |
| AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.9133 |
| Carcinogens | Non-carcinogens | 0.6399 |
| Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9972 |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9979 |
| Honey Bee Toxicity | High HBT | 0.9135 |
| Biodegradation | Not ready biodegradable | 0.9948 |
| Acute Oral Toxicity | I | 0.8009 |
| Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Non-required | 0.6950 |
| Model | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Aqueous solubility | -5.3705 | LogS |
| Caco-2 Permeability | 0.8132 | LogPapp, cm/s |
| Distribution | ||
| Metabolism | ||
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Rat Acute Toxicity | 4.4150 | LD50, mol/kg |
| Fish Toxicity | 0.5263 | pLC50, mg/L |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 0.9734 | pIGC50, ug/L |
MRLs
| Food | Product Code | Country | MRLs | Application Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Honey and other apiculture products (7) | 1040000 | European Union | 0.1 | 26/04/2017 | |
| Fat Of Sheep | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Cattle | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Goats | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Hogs | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Horses | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Poultry | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Byproducts Of Sheep | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Cattle | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Goats | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Hogs | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Horses | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Poultry | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Meat Of Sheep | Canada | 0. 5mg/kg | |||
| Honey | Canada | 0.02mg/kg | |||
| Honeycomb | Canada | 0.1mg/kg | |||
| Beeswax | Canada | 1mg/kg |
References
| Title | Journal | Date | Pubmed ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pesticide residues in honey bees, pollen and beeswax: Assessing beehive exposure. | Environ Pollut | 2018 Oct | 29803024 |
| A survey of multiple pesticide residues in pollen and beebread collected inChina. | Sci Total Environ | 2018 Nov 1 | 30021322 |
| Simultaneous determination of organophosphorus pesticides and phthalates in baby food samples by ultrasound-vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction andGC-IT/MS. | Anal Bioanal Chem | 2018 May | 29549507 |
| Development and validation of modified QuEChERS method coupled with LC-MS/MS for simultaneous determination of cymiazole, fipronil, coumaphos, fluvalinate,amitraz, and its metabolite in various types of honey and royal jelly. | J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci | 2018 Jan 1 | 29136552 |
| Non-target evaluation of contaminants in honey bees and pollen samples by gaschromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. | Chemosphere | 2017 Oct | 28679151 |
| Efficiency control of dietary pesticide intake reduction by human biomonitoring. | Int J Hyg Environ Health | 2017 Mar | 27939065 |
| Agricultural pesticides and veterinary substances in Uruguayan beeswax. | Chemosphere | 2017 Jun | 28284118 |
| The occurrence of pesticides and persistent organic pollutants in Italian organichoneys from different productive areas in relation to potential environmentalpollution. | Chemosphere | 2016 Jul | 27085062 |
| Influence of pesticide use in fruit orchards during blooming on honeybeemortality in 4 experimental apiaries. | Sci Total Environ | 2016 Jan 15 | 26398448 |
| Boron and Coumaphos Residues in Hive Materials Following Treatments for the Control of Aethina tumida Murray. | PLoS One | 2016 | 27092938 |
| Superparamagnetic core-shells anchored onto graphene oxide grafted withphenylethyl amine as a nano-adsorbent for extraction and enrichment oforganophosphorus pesticides from fruit, vegetable and water samples. | J Chromatogr A | 2015 Aug 7 | 26129984 |
| Organophosphorus insecticides in honey, pollen and bees (Apis mellifera L.) and their potential hazard to bee colonies in Egypt. | Ecotoxicol Environ Saf | 2015 Apr | 25574845 |
| Photodegradation of organophosphorus pesticides in honey medium. | Ecotoxicol Environ Saf | 2014 Oct | 25042249 |
| Xenobiotic effects on intestinal stem cell proliferation in adult honey bee (Apismellifera L) workers. | PLoS One | 2014 Mar 7 | 24608542 |
| Four common pesticides, their mixtures and a formulation solvent in the hiveenvironment have high oral toxicity to honey bee larvae. | PLoS One | 2014 Jan 8 | 24416121 |
| Exposure to multiple cholinergic pesticides impairs olfactory learning and memoryin honeybees. | J Exp Biol | 2013 May 15 | 23393272 |
| Widespread occurrence of chemical residues in beehive matrices from apiarieslocated in different landscapes of Western France. | PLoS One | 2013 Jun 17 | 23799139 |
| Acaricide, fungicide and drug interactions in honey bees (Apis mellifera). | PLoS One | 2013 | 23382869 |
| Development of a solid-phase extraction coupling chemiluminescent enzymeimmunoassay for determination of organophosphorus pesticides in environmentalwater samples. | J Agric Food Chem | 2012 Mar 7 | 22329773 |
| Comprehensive qualitative and quantitative determination of pesticides andveterinary drugs in honey using liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high resolutionmass spectrometry. | J Chromatogr A | 2012 Jul 27 | 22721762 |
Targets
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA13
- Uniprot ID:
- Q8N1Q1
- Molecular Weight:
- 29442.895 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Metal ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA14
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9ULX7
- Molecular Weight:
- 37667.37 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrates cyanamide to urea.
- Gene Name:
- CA1
- Uniprot ID:
- P00915
- Molecular Weight:
- 28870.0 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA3
- Uniprot ID:
- P07451
- Molecular Weight:
- 29557.215 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. May stimulate the sodium/bicarbonate transporter activity of SLC4A4 that acts in pH homeostasis. It is essential for acid overload removal from the retina and retina epithelium, and acid release in the choriocapillaris in the choroid.
- Gene Name:
- CA4
- Uniprot ID:
- P22748
- Molecular Weight:
- 35032.075 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Low activity.
- Gene Name:
- CA5A
- Uniprot ID:
- P35218
- Molecular Weight:
- 34750.21 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA5B
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y2D0
- Molecular Weight:
- 36433.43 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Its role in saliva is unknown.
- Gene Name:
- CA6
- Uniprot ID:
- P23280
- Molecular Weight:
- 35366.615 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA7
- Uniprot ID:
- P43166
- Molecular Weight:
- 29658.235 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Participates in pH regulation. May be involved in the control of cell proliferation and transformation. Appears to be a novel specific biomarker for a cervical neoplasia.
- Gene Name:
- CA9
- Uniprot ID:
- Q16790
- Molecular Weight:
- 49697.36 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- This enzyme metabolizes arachidonic acid predominantly via a NADPH-dependent olefin epoxidation to all four regioisomeric cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. One of the predominant enzymes responsible for the epoxidation of endogenous cardiac arachidonic acid pools.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2J2
- Uniprot ID:
- P51589
- Molecular Weight:
- 57610.165 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID:
- P20815
- Molecular Weight:
- 57108.065 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P04798
- Molecular Weight:
- 58164.815 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
- Gene Name:
- ABCB11
- Uniprot ID:
- O95342
- Molecular Weight:
- 146405.83 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and imipramine.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID:
- P33261
- Molecular Weight:
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C18
- Uniprot ID:
- P33260
- Molecular Weight:
- 55710.075 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. This enzyme contributes to the wide pharmacokinetics variability of the metabolism of drugs such as S-warfarin, diclofenac, phenytoin, tolbutamide and losartan.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID:
- P11712
- Molecular Weight:
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID:
- P05177
- Molecular Weight:
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Tumor necrosis factor-activated receptor activity
- Specific Function:
- Receptor for the cytotoxic ligand TNFSF10/TRAIL. The adapter molecule FADD recruits caspase-8 to the activated receptor. The resulting death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) performs caspase-8 proteolytic activation which initiates the subsequent cascade of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases) mediating apoptosis. Promotes the activation of NF-kappa-B. Essential for ER stress-induced apoptosis.
- Gene Name:
- TNFRSF10B
- Uniprot ID:
- O14763
- Molecular Weight:
- 47877.885 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor activity
- Specific Function:
- Acts as a receptor for urokinase plasminogen activator. Plays a role in localizing and promoting plasmin formation. Mediates the proteolysis-independent signal transduction activation effects of U-PA. It is subject to negative-feedback regulation by U-PA which cleaves it into an inactive form.
- Gene Name:
- PLAUR
- Uniprot ID:
- Q03405
- Molecular Weight:
- 36977.62 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- Uniprot ID:
- P22932
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide (PubMed:11159812). Catalyzes 4-beta-hydroxylation of cholesterol. May catalyze 25-hydroxylation of cholesterol in vitro (PubMed:21576599).
- Gene Name:
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID:
- P08684
- Molecular Weight:
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear hormone receptor. Transcription factor that mediates the action of vitamin D3 by controlling the expression of hormone sensitive genes. Recruited to promoters via its interaction with BAZ1B/WSTF which mediates the interaction with acetylated histones, an essential step for VDR-promoter association. Plays a central role in calcium homeostasis.
- Gene Name:
- VDR
- Uniprot ID:
- P11473
- Molecular Weight:
- 48288.64 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Sulfotransferase activity
- Specific Function:
- Sulfotransferase that utilizes 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate (PAPS) as sulfonate donor to catalyze the sulfonation of steroids and bile acids in the liver and adrenal glands.
- Gene Name:
- SULT2A1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q06520
- Molecular Weight:
- 33779.57 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism and secretion of potentially harmful xenobiotics, drugs and endogenous compounds. Activated by the antibiotic rifampicin and various plant metabolites, such as hyperforin, guggulipid, colupulone, and isoflavones. Response to specific ligands is species-specific. Activated by naturally occurring steroids, such as pregnenolone and progesterone. Binds to a response element in the promoters of the CYP3A4 and ABCB1/MDR1 genes.
- Gene Name:
- NR1I2
- Uniprot ID:
- O75469
- Molecular Weight:
- 49761.245 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
- Specific Function:
- Cell-surface glycoprotein having a role in immunoadhesion. Mediates in the adhesion of blood neutrophils in cytokine-activated endothelium through interaction with PSGL1/SELPLG. May have a role in capillary morphogenesis.
- Gene Name:
- SELE
- Uniprot ID:
- P16581
- Molecular Weight:
- 66654.575 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. RARA plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced germ cell development during spermatogenesis. Has a role in the survival of early spermatocytes at the beginning prophase of meiosis. In Sertoli cells, may promote the survival and development of early meiotic prophase spermatocytes. In concert with RARG, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity). Regulates expression of target genes in a ligand-dependent manner by recruiting chromatin complexes containing KMT2E/MLL5. Mediates retinoic acid-induced granulopoiesis.
- Gene Name:
- RARA
- Uniprot ID:
- P10276
- Molecular Weight:
- 50770.805 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Transcriptional activator activity, rna polymerase ii distal enhancer sequence-specific binding
- Specific Function:
- Transcription activator that binds to antioxidant response (ARE) elements in the promoter regions of target genes. Important for the coordinated up-regulation of genes in response to oxidative stress. May be involved in the transcriptional activation of genes of the beta-globin cluster by mediating enhancer activity of hypersensitive site 2 of the beta-globin locus control region.
- Gene Name:
- NFE2L2
- Uniprot ID:
- Q16236
- Molecular Weight:
- 67825.9 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Iron ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Catalyzes the conversion of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D) to 1-alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D) plays an important role in normal bone growth, calcium metabolism, and tissue differentiation.
- Gene Name:
- CYP27B1
- Uniprot ID:
- O15528
- Molecular Weight:
- 56503.475 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Cholesterol binding
- Specific Function:
- Can bind protoporphyrin IX and may play a role in the transport of porphyrins and heme (By similarity). Promotes the transport of cholesterol across mitochondrial membranes and may play a role in lipid metabolism (PubMed:24814875), but its precise physiological role is controversial. It is apparently not required for steroid hormone biosynthesis. Was initially identified as peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor; can also bind isoquinoline carboxamides (PubMed:1847678).
- Gene Name:
- TSPO
- Uniprot ID:
- P30536
- Molecular Weight:
- 18827.81 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Ligand-activated transcription factor. Receptor for bile acids such as chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid. Represses the transcription of the cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A1) through the induction of NR0B2 or FGF19 expression, via two distinct mechanisms. Activates the intestinal bile acid-binding protein (IBABP). Activates the transcription of bile salt export pump ABCB11 by directly recruiting histone methyltransferase CARM1 to this locus.
- Gene Name:
- NR1H4
- Uniprot ID:
- Q96RI1
- Molecular Weight:
- 55913.915 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide.
- Gene Name:
- CA12
- Uniprot ID:
- O43570
- Molecular Weight:
- 39450.615 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function:
- Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye. Contributes to intracellular pH regulation in the duodenal upper villous epithelium during proton-coupled peptide absorption. Stimulates the chloride-bicarbonate exchange activity of SLC26A6.
- Gene Name:
- CA2
- Uniprot ID:
- P00918
- Molecular Weight:
- 29245.895 Da
References
- Carta F, Vullo D, Maresca A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: New chemotypes acting as isozyme-selective carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with low affinity for the offtarget cytosolic isoform II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Mar 15;22(6):2182-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.129. Epub 2012 Feb 6. [22365761 ]
- General Function:
- Transcription regulatory region dna binding
- Specific Function:
- Ligand-activated transcriptional activator. Binds to the XRE promoter region of genes it activates. Activates the expression of multiple phase I and II xenobiotic chemical metabolizing enzyme genes (such as the CYP1A1 gene). Mediates biochemical and toxic effects of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Involved in cell-cycle regulation. Likely to play an important role in the development and maturation of many tissues. Regulates the circadian clock by inhibiting the basal and circadian expression of the core circadian component PER1. Inhibits PER1 by repressing the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer mediated transcriptional activation of PER1.
- Gene Name:
- AHR
- Uniprot ID:
- P35869
- Molecular Weight:
- 96146.705 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,4-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase.
- Gene Name:
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID:
- P20813
- Molecular Weight:
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]
- General Function:
- Steroid binding
- Specific Function:
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the IX-alpha-C8 and IX-alpha-C12 monoconjugates and diconjugate. Is also able to catalyze the glucuronidation of 17beta-estradiol, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, 1-hydroxypyrene, 4-methylumbelliferone, 1-naphthol, paranitrophenol, scopoletin, and umbelliferone. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative regulator of isoform 1.
- Gene Name:
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID:
- P22309
- Molecular Weight:
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Sipes NS, Martin MT, Kothiya P, Reif DM, Judson RS, Richard AM, Houck KA, Dix DJ, Kavlock RJ, Knudsen TB: Profiling 976 ToxCast chemicals across 331 enzymatic and receptor signaling assays. Chem Res Toxicol. 2013 Jun 17;26(6):878-95. doi: 10.1021/tx400021f. Epub 2013 May 16. [23611293 ]