Interleukin-6


NameInterleukin-6
SynonymsB-cell stimulatory factor 2 BSF-2 CDF CTL differentiation factor Hybridoma growth factor IFN-beta-2 IFNB2 IL-6 Interferon beta-2
Gene NameIL6
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021838|Interleukin-6
MNSFSTSAFGPVAFSLGLLLVLPAAFPAPVPPGEDSKDVAAPHRQPLTSSERIDKQIRYI
LDGISALRKETCNKSNMCESSKEALAENNLNLPKMAEKDGCFQSGFNEETCLVKIITGLL
EFEVYLEYLQNRFESSEEQARAVQMSTKVLIQFLQKKAKNLDAITTPDPTTNASLLTKLQ
AQNQWLQDMTTHLILRSFKEFLQSSLRALRQM
Number of residues212
Molecular Weight23717.965
Theoretical pI6.52
GO Classification
Functions
    cytokine activity
    interleukin-6 receptor binding
    growth factor activity
Processes
    acute-phase response
    positive regulation of B cell activation
    positive regulation of transmission of nerve impulse
    neuron projection development
    positive regulation of apoptotic process
    aging
    defense response to virus
    positive regulation of cell proliferation
    negative regulation of cytokine secretion
    negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process
    hepatic immune response
    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation
    positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
    cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus
    positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade
    positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
    negative regulation of lipid storage
    response to yeast
    negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process
    humoral immune response
    positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
    cellular response to hydrogen peroxide
    defense response to protozoan
    response to calcium ion
    response to auditory stimulus
    positive regulation of translation
    glucagon secretion
    inflammatory response
    positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
    cellular response to tumor necrosis factor
    response to electrical stimulus
    cellular response to interleukin-1
    response to glucocorticoid
    monocyte chemotaxis
    positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, translocation
    positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process
    negative regulation of muscle organ development
    positive regulation of neuron differentiation
    positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
    response to caffeine
    negative regulation of neuron death
    negative regulation of gluconeogenesis
    response to nutrient levels
    endocrine pancreas development
    neutrophil apoptotic process
    positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process
    cell growth
    response to amino acid
    negative regulation of apoptotic process
    negative regulation of hormone secretion
    positive regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
    positive regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation
    cellular response to lipopolysaccharide
    response to heat
    regulation of angiogenesis
    branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
    T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment
    regulation of cell shape
    negative regulation of cell proliferation
    positive regulation of MAPK cascade
    regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production
    response to peptidoglycan
    bone remodeling
    positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein
    defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
    epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis
    platelet activation
    negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
    positive regulation of STAT protein import into nucleus
    negative regulation of fat cell differentiation
    response to drug
    cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
    response to cold
    positive regulation of chemokine production
    regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep
    cell redox homeostasis
    positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
    positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis
    positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling
    neutrophil mediated immunity
    response to antibiotic
    positive regulation of DNA replication
    positive regulation of T cell proliferation
    muscle cell cellular homeostasis
    negative regulation of protein kinase activity
    positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
    positive regulation of acute inflammatory response
    positive regulation of immunoglobulin secretion
    interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway
    response to insulin
    glucose homeostasis
    positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
    defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
Components
    interleukin-6 receptor complex
    extracellular space
    external side of plasma membrane
    cytoplasm
    extracellular region
General FunctionInterleukin-6 receptor binding
Specific FunctionCytokine with a wide variety of biological functions. It is a potent inducer of the acute phase response. Plays an essential role in the final differentiation of B-cells into Ig-secreting cells Involved in lymphocyte and monocyte differentiation. Acts on B-cells, T-cells, hepatocytes, hematopoietic progenitor cells and cells of the CNS. Required for the generation of T(H)17 cells. Also acts as a myokine. It is discharged into the bloodstream after muscle contraction and acts to increase the breakdown of fats and to improve insulin resistance. It induces myeloma and plasmacytoma growth and induces nerve cells differentiation.
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID32674
UniProtKB IDP05231
UniProtKB Entry NameIL6_HUMAN
Cellular LocationSecreted
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021839|Interleukin-6 (IL6)
ATGAACTCCTTCTCCACAAGCGCCTTCGGTCCAGTTGCCTTCTCCCTGGGGCTGCTCCTG
GTGTTGCCTGCTGCCTTCCCTGCCCCAGTACCCCCAGGAGAAGATTCCAAAGATGTAGCC
GCCCCACACAGACAGCCACTCACCTCTTCAGAACGAATTGACAAACAAATTCGGTACATC
CTCGACGGCATCTCAGCCCTGAGAAAGGAGACATGTAACAAGAGTAACATGTGTGAAAGC
AGCAAAGAGGCACTGGCAGAAAACAACCTGAACCTTCCAAAGATGGCTGAAAAAGATGGA
TGCTTCCAATCTGGATTCAATGAGGAGACTTGCCTGGTGAAAATCATCACTGGTCTTTTG
GAGTTTGAGGTATACCTAGAGTACCTCCAGAACAGATTTGAGAGTAGTGAGGAACAAGCC
AGAGCTGTGCAGATGAGTACAAAAGTCCTGATCCAGTTCCTGCAGAAAAAGGCAAAGAAT
CTAGATGCAATAACCACCCCTGACCCAACCACAAATGCCAGCCTGCTGACGAAGCTGCAG
GCACAGAACCAGTGGCTGCAGGACATGACAACTCATCTCATTCTGCGCAGCTTTAAGGAG
TTCCTGCAGTCCAGCCTGAGGGCTCTTCGGCAAATGTAG
GenBank Gene IDX04430
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas IDIL6
HGNC IDHGNC:6018
Chromosome Location7
Locus7p21
References
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  11. Ming JE, Cernetti C, Steinman RM, Granelli-Piperno A: Interleukin 6 is the principal cytolytic T lymphocyte differentiation factor for thymocytes in human leukocyte conditioned medium. J Mol Cell Immunol. 1989;4(4):203-11; discussion 211-2.[2610854 ]
  12. May LT, Shaw JE, Khanna AK, Zabriskie JB, Sehgal PB: Marked cell-type-specific differences in glycosylation of human interleukin-6. Cytokine. 1991 May;3(3):204-11.[1883960 ]
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  15. Lutticken C, Kruttgen A, Moller C, Heinrich PC, Rose-John S: Evidence for the importance of a positive charge and an alpha-helical structure of the C-terminus for biological activity of human IL-6. FEBS Lett. 1991 May 6;282(2):265-7.[2037043 ]
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  20. Foster CB, Lehrnbecher T, Samuels S, Stein S, Mol F, Metcalf JA, Wyvill K, Steinberg SM, Kovacs J, Blauvelt A, Yarchoan R, Chanock SJ: An IL6 promoter polymorphism is associated with a lifetime risk of development of Kaposi sarcoma in men infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Blood. 2000 Oct 1;96(7):2562-7.[11001912 ]
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