Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2

NameMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
Synonyms
Gene NameCHRM2
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016133|Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2
MNNSTNSSNNSLALTSPYKTFEVVFIVLVAGSLSLVTIIGNILVMVSIKVNRHLQTVNNY
FLFSLACADLIIGVFSMNLYTLYTVIGYWPLGPVVCDLWLALDYVVSNASVMNLLIISFD
RYFCVTKPLTYPVKRTTKMAGMMIAAAWVLSFILWAPAILFWQFIVGVRTVEDGECYIQF
FSNAAVTFGTAIAAFYLPVIIMTVLYWHISRASKSRIKKDKKEPVANQDPVSPSLVQGRI
VKPNNNNMPSSDDGLEHNKIQNGKAPRDPVTENCVQGEEKESSNDSTSVSAVASNMRDDE
ITQDENTVSTSLGHSKDENSKQTCIRIGTKTPKSDSCTPTNTTVEVVGSSGQNGDEKQNI
VARKIVKMTKQPAKKKPPPSREKKVTRTILAILLAFIITWAPYNVMVLINTFCAPCIPNT
VWTIGYWLCYINSTINPACYALCNATFKKTFKHLLMCHYKNIGATR
Number of residues466
Molecular Weight51714.605
Theoretical pI9.08
GO Classification
Functions
    G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor activity
drug binding
Processes
    synaptic transmission, cholinergic
G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger
adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
regulation of heart contraction
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
response to virus
G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
regulation of smooth muscle contraction
G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway
nervous system development
phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
sensory perception of chemical stimulus
Components
    asymmetric synapse
axon terminus
dendrite
neuronal cell body
synapse
postsynaptic membrane
symmetric synapse
plasma membrane
cell junction
integral component of plasma membrane
General FunctionG-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor activity
Specific FunctionThe muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. Signaling promotes phospholipase C activity, leading to the release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3); this then triggers calcium ion release into the cytosol.
Transmembrane Regions23-45 60-80 98-119 140-162 185-209 388-410 419-442
GenBank Protein ID177990
UniProtKB IDP08172
UniProtKB Entry NameACM2_HUMAN
Cellular LocationCell membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0016134|Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (CHRM2)
ATGAATAACTCAACAAACTCCTCTAACAATAGCCTGGCTCTTACAAGTCCTTATAAGACA
TTTGAAGTGGTGTTTATTGTCCTGGTGGCTGGATCCCTCAGTTTGGTGACCATTATCGGG
AACATCCTAGTCATGGTTTCCATTAAAGTCAACCGCCACCTCCAGACCGTCAACAATTAC
TTTTTATTCAGCTTGGCCTGTGCTGACCTTATCATAGGTGTTTTCTCCATGAACTTGTAC
ACCCTCTACACTGTGATTGGTTACTGGCCTTTGGGACCTGTGGTGTGTGACCTTTGGCTA
GCCCTGGACTATGTGGTCAGCAATGCCTCAGTTATGAATCTGCTCATCATCAGCTTTGAC
AGGTACTTCTGTGTCACAAAACCTCTGACCTACCCAGTCAAGCGGACCACAAAAATGGCA
GGTATGATGATTGCAGCTGCCTGGGTCCTCTCTTTCATCCTCTGGGCTCCAGCCATTCTC
TTCTGGCAGTTCATTGTAGGGGTGAGAACTGTGGAGGATGGGGAGTGCTACATTCAGTTT
TTTTCCAATGCTGCTGTCACCTTTGGTACGGCTATTGCAGCCTTCTATTTGCCAGTGATC
ATCATGACTGTGCTATATTGGCACATATCCCGAGCCAGCAAGAGCAGGATAAAGAAGGAC
AAGAAGGAGCCTGTTGCCAACCAAGACCCCGTTTCTCCAAGTCTGGTACAAGGAAGGATA
GTGAAGCCAAACAATAACAACATGCCCAGCAGTGACGATGGCCTGGAGCACAACAAAATC
CAGAATGGCAAAGCCCCCAGGGATCCTGTGACTGAAAACTGTGTTCAGGGAGAGGAGAAG
GAGAGCTCCAATGACTCCACCTCAGTCAGTGCTGTTGCCTCTAATATGAGAGATGATGAA
ATAACCCAGGATGAAAACACAGTTTCCACTTCCCTGGGCCATTCCAAAGATGAGAACTCT
AAGCAAACATGCATCAGAATTGGCACCAAGACCCCAAAAAGTGACTCATGTACCCCAACT
AATACCACCGTGGAGGTAGTGGGGTCTTCAGGTCAGAATGGAGATGAAAAGCAGAATATT
GTAGCCCGCAAGATTGTGAAGATGACTAAGCAGCCTGCAAAAAAGAAGCCTCCTCCTTCC
CGGGAAAAGAAAGTCACCAGGACAATCTTGGCTATTCTGTTGGCTTTCATCATCACTTGG
GCCCCATACAATGTCATGGTGCTCATTAACACCTTTTGTGCACCTTGCATCCCCAACACT
GTGTGGACAATTGGTTACTGGCTTTGTTACATCAACAGCACTATCAACCCTGCCTGCTAT
GCACTTTGCAATGCCACCTTCAAGAAGACCTTTAAACACCTTCTCATGTGTCATTATAAG
AACATAGGCGCTACAAGGTAA
GenBank Gene IDM16404
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas IDCHRM2
HGNC IDHGNC:1951
Chromosome Location7
Locus7q31-q35
References
  1. Bonner TI, Buckley NJ, Young AC, Brann MR: Identification of a family of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes. Science. 1987 Jul 31;237(4814):527-32.[3037705 ]
  2. Peralta EG, Ashkenazi A, Winslow JW, Smith DH, Ramachandran J, Capon DJ: Distinct primary structures, ligand-binding properties and tissue-specific expression of four human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. EMBO J. 1987 Dec 20;6(13):3923-9.[3443095 ]
  3. Kitano T, Liu YH, Ueda S, Saitou N: Human-specific amino acid changes found in 103 protein-coding genes. Mol Biol Evol. 2004 May;21(5):936-44. Epub 2004 Mar 10.[15014171 ]
  4. Gurevich VV, Dion SB, Onorato JJ, Ptasienski J, Kim CM, Sterne-Marr R, Hosey MM, Benovic JL: Arrestin interactions with G protein-coupled receptors. Direct binding studies of wild type and mutant arrestins with rhodopsin, beta 2-adrenergic, and m2 muscarinic cholinergic receptors. J Biol Chem. 1995 Jan 13;270(2):720-31.[7822302 ]
  5. Leong WF, Chow VT: Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of rhabdomyosarcoma cells reveal differential cellular gene expression in response to enterovirus 71 infection. Cell Microbiol. 2006 Apr;8(4):565-80.[16548883 ]
  6. Reiner CL, McCullar JS, Kow RL, Le JH, Goodlett DR, Nathanson NM: RACK1 associates with muscarinic receptors and regulates M(2) receptor trafficking. PLoS One. 2010 Oct 20;5(10):e13517. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013517.[20976005 ]
  7. Haga K, Kruse AC, Asada H, Yurugi-Kobayashi T, Shiroishi M, Zhang C, Weis WI, Okada T, Kobilka BK, Haga T, Kobayashi T: Structure of the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor bound to an antagonist. Nature. 2012 Jan 25;482(7386):547-51. doi: 10.1038/nature10753.[22278061 ]
  8. Kruse AC, Ring AM, Manglik A, Hu J, Hu K, Eitel K, Hubner H, Pardon E, Valant C, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, Felder CC, Gmeiner P, Steyaert J, Weis WI, Garcia KC, Wess J, Kobilka BK: Activation and allosteric modulation of a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Nature. 2013 Dec 5;504(7478):101-6. doi: 10.1038/nature12735. Epub 2013 Nov 20.[24256733 ]
  9. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7.[15489334 ]
  10. Wang JC, Hinrichs AL, Stock H, Budde J, Allen R, Bertelsen S, Kwon JM, Wu W, Dick DM, Rice J, Jones K, Nurnberger JI Jr, Tischfield J, Porjesz B, Edenberg HJ, Hesselbrock V, Crowe R, Schuckit M, Begleiter H, Reich T, Goate AM, Bierut LJ: Evidence of common and specific genetic effects: association of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 (CHRM2) gene with alcohol dependence and major depressive syndrome. Hum Mol Genet. 2004 Sep 1;13(17):1903-11. Epub 2004 Jun 30.[15229186 ]

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