Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

NameProstaglandin G/H synthase 1
Synonyms1.14.99.1 COX-1 COX1 Cyclooxygenase-1 PGH synthase 1 PGHS-1 PHS 1 Prostaglandin H2 synthase 1 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1
Gene NamePTGS1
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0036935|Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
MSRSLLLWFLLFLLLLPPLPVLLADPGAPTPVNPCCYYPCQHQGICVRFGLDRYQCDCTR
TGYSGPNCTIPGLWTWLRNSLRPSPSFTHFLLTHGRWFWEFVNATFIREMLMRLVLTVRS
NLIPSPPTYNSAHDYISWESFSNVSYYTRILPSVPKDCPTPMGTKGKKQLPDAQLLARRF
LLRRKFIPDPQGTNLMFAFFAQHFTHQFFKTSGKMGPGFTKALGHGVDLGHIYGDNLERQ
YQLRLFKDGKLKYQVLDGEMYPPSVEEAPVLMHYPRGIPPQSQMAVGQEVFGLLPGLMLY
ATLWLREHNRVCDLLKAEHPTWGDEQLFQTTRLILIGETIKIVIEEYVQQLSGYFLQLKF
DPELLFGVQFQYRNRIAMEFNHLYHWHPLMPDSFKVGSQEYSYEQFLFNTSMLVDYGVEA
LVDAFSRQIAGRIGGGRNMDHHILHVAVDVIRESREMRLQPFNEYRKRFGMKPYTSFQEL
VGEKEMAAELEELYGDIDALEFYPGLLLEKCHPNSIFGESMIEIGAPFSLKGLLGNPICS
PEYWKPSTFGGEVGFNIVKTATLKKLVCLNTKTCPYVSFRVPDASQDDGPAVERPSTEL
Number of residues599
Molecular Weight68685.82
Theoretical pI7.39
GO Classification
Functions
    metal ion binding
dioxygenase activity
heme binding
peroxidase activity
prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
lipid binding
Processes
    learning
response to organonitrogen compound
small molecule metabolic process
positive regulation of vasoconstriction
prostaglandin biosynthetic process
response to corticosterone
regulation of cell proliferation
memory
arachidonic acid metabolic process
maintenance of blood-brain barrier
lipid metabolic process
regulation of blood pressure
positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction
aging
response to oxidative stress
sensory perception of pain
response to fatty acid
negative regulation of norepinephrine secretion
negative regulation of epinephrine secretion
inflammatory response
xenobiotic metabolic process
cyclooxygenase pathway
Components
    Golgi apparatus
nuclear envelope
extracellular exosome
cytoplasm
photoreceptor outer segment
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum membrane
General FunctionProstaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
Specific FunctionConverts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gastric epithelial cells, it is a key step in the generation of prostaglandins, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays an important role in cytoprotection. In platelets, it is involved in the generation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), which promotes platelet activation and aggregation, vasoconstriction and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID387018
UniProtKB IDP23219
UniProtKB Entry NamePGH1_HUMAN
Cellular LocationMicrosome membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021254|Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 (PTGS1)
ATGAGCCGGAGTCTCTTGCTCTGGTTCTTGCTGTTCCTGCTCCTGCTCCCGCCGCTCCCC
GTCCTGCTCGCGGACCCAGGGGCGCCCACGCCAGTGAATCCCTGTTGTTACTATCCATGC
CAGCACCAGGGCATCTGTGTCCGCTTCGGCCTTGACCGCTACCAGTGTGACTGCACCCGC
ACGGGCTATTCCGGCCCCAACTGCACCATCCCTGGCCTGTGGACCTGGCTCCGGAATTCA
CTGCGGCCCAGCCCCTCTTTCACCCACTTCCTGCTCACTCACGGGCGCTGGTTCTGGGAG
TTTGTCAATGCCACCTTCATCCGAGAGATGCTCATGCGCCTGGTACTCACAGTGCGCTCC
AACCTTATCCCCAGTCCCCCCACCTACAACTCAGCACATGACTACATCAGCTGGGAGTCT
TTCTCCAACGTGAGCTATTACACTCGTATTCTGCCCTCTGTGCCTAAAGATTGCCCCACA
CCCATGGGAACCAAAGGGAAGAAGCAGTTGCCAGATGCCCAGCTCCTGGCCCGCCGCTTC
CTGCTCAGGAGGAAGTTCATACCTGACCCCCAAGGCACCAACCTCATGTTTGCCTTCTTT
GCACAACACTTCACCCACCAGTTCTTCAAAACTTCTGGCAAGATGGGTCCTGGCTTCACC
AAGGCCTTGGGCCATGGGGTAGACCTCGGCCACATTTATGGAGACAATCTGGAGCGTCAG
TATCAACTGCGGCTCTTTAAGGATGGGAAACTCAAGTACCAGGTGCTGGATGGAGAAATG
TACCCGCCCTCGGTAGAAGAGGCGCCTGTGTTGATGCACTACCCCCGAGGCATCCCGCCC
CAGAGCCAGATGGCTGTGGGCCAGGAGGTGTTTGGGCTGCTTCCTGGGCTCATGCTGTAT
GCCACGCTCTGGCTACGTGAGCACAACCGTGTGTGTGACCTGCTGAAGGCTGAGCACCCC
ACCTGGGGCGATGAGCAGCTTTTCCAGACGACCCGCCTCATCCTCATAGGGGAGACCATC
AAGATTGTCATCGAGGAGTACGTGCAGCAGCTGAGTGGCTATTTCCTGCAGCTGAAATTT
GACCCAGAGCTGCTGTTCGGTGTCCAGTTCCAATACCGCAACCGCATTGCCATGGAGTTC
AACCATCTCTACCACTGGCACCCCCTCATGCCTGACTCCTTCAAGGTGGGCTCCCAGGAG
TACAGCTACGAGCAGTTCTTGTTCAACACCTCCATGTTGGTGGACTATGGGGTTGAGGCC
CTGGTGGATGCCTTCTCTCGCCAGATTGCTGGCCGGATCGGTGGGGGCAGGAACATGGAC
CACCACATCCTGCATGTGGCTGTGGATGTCATCAGGGAGTCTCGGGAGATGCGGCTGCAG
CCCTTCAATGAGTACCGCAAGAGGTTTGGCATGAAACCCTACACCTCCTTCCAGGAGCTC
GTAGGAGAGAAGGAGATGGCAGCAGAGTTGGAGGAATTGTATGGAGACATTGATGCGTTG
GAGTTCTACCCTGGACTGCTTCTTGAAAAGTGCCATCCAAACTCTATCTTTGGGGAGAGT
ATGATAGAGATTGGGGCTCCCTTTTCCCTCAAGGGTCTCCTAGGGAATCCCATCTGTTCT
CCGGAGTACTGGAAGCCGAGCACATTTGGCGGCGAGGTGGGCTTTAACATTGTCAAGACG
GCCACACTGAAGAAGCTGGTCTGCCTCAACACCAAGACCTGTCCCTACGTTTCCTTCCGT
GTGCCGGATGCCAGTCAGGATGATGGGCCTGCTGTGGAGCGACCATCCACAGAGCTCTGA
GenBank Gene IDM31822
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas IDPTGS1
HGNC IDHGNC:9604
Chromosome Location9
Locus9q32-q33.3
References
  1. Yokoyama C, Tanabe T: Cloning of human gene encoding prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase and primary structure of the enzyme. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Dec 15;165(2):888-94.[2512924 ]
  2. Funk CD, Funk LB, Kennedy ME, Pong AS, Fitzgerald GA: Human platelet/erythroleukemia cell prostaglandin G/H synthase: cDNA cloning, expression, and gene chromosomal assignment. FASEB J. 1991 Jun;5(9):2304-12.[1907252 ]
  3. Takahashi Y, Ueda N, Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto S, Yokoyama C, Miyata A, Tanabe T, Fuse I, Hattori A, Shibata A: Immunoaffinity purification and cDNA cloning of human platelet prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (cyclooxygenase). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Jan 31;182(2):433-8.[1734857 ]
  4. Diaz A, Reginato AM, Jimenez SA: Alternative splicing of human prostaglandin G/H synthase mRNA and evidence of differential regulation of the resulting transcripts by transforming growth factor beta 1, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10816-22.[1587858 ]
  5. Qin N, Zhang SP, Reitz TL, Mei JM, Flores CM: Cloning, expression, and functional characterization of human cyclooxygenase-1 splicing variants: evidence for intron 1 retention. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Dec;315(3):1298-305. Epub 2005 Sep 1.[16141368 ]
  6. Scott BT, Hasstedt SJ, Bovill EG, Callas PW, Valliere JE, Wang L, Wu KK, Long GL: Characterization of the human prostaglandin H synthase 1 gene (PTGS1): exclusion by genetic linkage analysis as a second modifier gene in familial thrombosis. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 2002 Sep;13(6):519-31.[12192304 ]
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  10. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8.[25944712 ]
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