Alpha-synuclein

NameAlpha-synuclein
SynonymsNACP Non-A beta component of AD amyloid Non-A4 component of amyloid precursor PARK1
Gene NameSNCA
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0001750|Alpha-synuclein
MDVFMKGLSKAKEGVVAAAEKTKQGVAEAAGKTKEGVLYVGSKTKEGVVHGVATVAEKTK
EQVTNVGGAVVTGVTAVAQKTVEGAGSIAAATGFVKKDQLGKNEEGAPQEGILEDMPVDP
DNEAYEMPSEEGYQDYEPEA
Number of residues140
Molecular Weight14460.155
Theoretical pI4.37
GO Classification
Functions
    calcium ion binding
alpha-tubulin binding
Hsp70 protein binding
phosphoprotein binding
kinesin binding
dynein binding
oxidoreductase activity
cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process
zinc ion binding
phospholipid binding
tau protein binding
histone binding
ferrous iron binding
copper ion binding
magnesium ion binding
identical protein binding
transcription regulatory region DNA binding
Processes
    cellular response to copper ion
cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus
negative regulation of microtubule polymerization
phospholipid metabolic process
negative regulation of exocytosis
synapse organization
negative regulation of thrombin receptor signaling pathway
regulation of locomotion
behavioral response to cocaine
response to magnesium ion
cellular protein metabolic process
negative regulation of histone acetylation
aging
response to interleukin-1
protein destabilization
negative regulation of transporter activity
positive regulation of endocytosis
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway
neutral lipid metabolic process
oxidation-reduction process
dopamine biosynthetic process
negative regulation of serotonin uptake
response to drug
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity
adult locomotory behavior
negative regulation of apoptotic process
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling
positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process
response to interferon-gamma
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process
cellular response to epinephrine stimulus
extracellular fibril organization
positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretion
excitatory postsynaptic potential
regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process
regulation of dopamine secretion
mitochondrial membrane organization
negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process
regulation of glutamate secretion
cellular response to oxidative stress
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity
negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission
synaptic vesicle endocytosis
regulation of phospholipase activity
positive regulation of apoptotic process
response to lipopolysaccharide
response to iron(II) ion
negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone
regulation of macrophage activation
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process
receptor internalization
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
microglial cell activation
negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
negative regulation of monooxygenase activity
fatty acid metabolic process
positive regulation of receptor recycling
long-term synaptic potentiation
negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake
Components
    extracellular region
synaptic vesicle
nuclear outer membrane
nucleus
cell junction
cell cortex
fibril
Golgi apparatus
plasma membrane
terminal bouton
cytosol
perinuclear region of cytoplasm
cytoplasm
extracellular space
cytoplasmic vesicle membrane
mitochondrion
lysosome
axon
membrane
inclusion body
ribosome
growth cone
actin cytoskeleton
rough endoplasmic reticulum
General FunctionNone
Specific FunctionNone
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID437365
UniProtKB IDP37840
UniProtKB Entry NameSYUA_HUMAN
Cellular LocationCytoplasm
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0021281|Alpha-synuclein (SNCA)
ATGGATGTATTCATGAAAGGACTTTCAAAGGCCAAGGAGGGAGTTGTGGCTGCTGCTGAG
AAAACCAAACAGGGTGTGGCAGAAGCAGCAGGAAAGACAAAAGAGGGTGTTCTCTATGTA
GGCTCCAAAACCAAGGAGGGAGTGGTGCATGGTGTGGCAACAGTGGCTGAGAAGACCAAA
GAGCAAGTGACAAATGTTGGAGGAGCAGTGGTGACGGGTGTGACAGCAGTAGCCCAGAAG
ACAGTGGAGGGAGCAGGGAGCATTGCAGCAGCCACTGGCTTTGTCAAAAAGGACCAGTTG
GGCAAGAATGAAGAAGGAGCCCCACAGGAAGGAATTCTGGAAGATATGCCTGTGGATCCT
GACAATGAGGCTTATGAAATGCCTTCTGAGGAAGGGTATCAAGACTACGAACCTGAAGCC
TAA
GenBank Gene IDL08850
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas IDSNCA
HGNC IDHGNC:11138
Chromosome LocationNone
Locus4q21
References
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  28. Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H, Nagai K, Kimura K, Makita H, Sekine M, Obayashi M, Nishi T, Shibahara T, Tanaka T, Ishii S, Yamamoto J, Saito K, Kawai Y, Isono Y, Nakamura Y, Nagahari K, Murakami K, Yasuda T, Iwayanagi T, Wagatsuma M, Shiratori A, Sudo H, Hosoiri T, Kaku Y, Kodaira H, Kondo H, Sugawara M, Takahashi M, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Furuya T, Kikkawa E, Omura Y, Abe K, Kamihara K, Katsuta N, Sato K, Tanikawa M, Yamazaki M, Ninomiya K, Ishibashi T, Yamashita H, Murakawa K, Fujimori K, Tanai H, Kimata M, Watanabe M, Hiraoka S, Chiba Y, Ishida S, Ono Y, Takiguchi S, Watanabe S, Yosida M, Hotuta T, Kusano J, Kanehori K, Takahashi-Fujii A, Hara H, Tanase TO, Nomura Y, Togiya S, Komai F, Hara R, Takeuchi K, Arita M, Imose N, Musashino K, Yuuki H, Oshima A, Sasaki N, Aotsuka S, Yoshikawa Y, Matsunawa H, Ichihara T, Shiohata N, Sano S, Moriya S, Momiyama H, Satoh N, Takami S, Terashima Y, Suzuki O, Nakagawa S, Senoh A, Mizoguchi H, Goto Y, Shimizu F, Wakebe H, Hishigaki H, Watanabe T, Sugiyama A, Takemoto M, Kawakami B, Yamazaki M, Watanabe K, Kumagai A, Itakura S, Fukuzumi Y, Fujimori Y, Komiyama M, Tashiro H, Tanigami A, Fujiwara T, Ono T, Yamada K, Fujii Y, Ozaki K, Hirao M, Ohmori Y, Kawabata A, Hikiji T, Kobatake N, Inagaki H, Ikema Y, Okamoto S, Okitani R, Kawakami T, Noguchi S, Itoh T, Shigeta K, Senba T, Matsumura K, Nakajima Y, Mizuno T, Morinaga M, Sasaki M, Togashi T, Oyama M, Hata H, Watanabe M, Komatsu T, Mizushima-Sugano J, Satoh T, Shirai Y, Takahashi Y, Nakagawa K, Okumura K, Nagase T, Nomura N, Kikuchi H, Masuho Y, Yamashita R, Nakai K, Yada T, Nakamura Y, Ohara O, Isogai T, Sugano S: Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat Genet. 2004 Jan;36(1):40-5. Epub 2003 Dec 21.[14702039 ]
  29. Proukakis C, Dudzik CG, Brier T, MacKay DS, Cooper JM, Millhauser GL, Houlden H, Schapira AH: A novel alpha-synuclein missense mutation in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2013 Mar 12;80(11):1062-4. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31828727ba. Epub 2013 Feb 20.[23427326 ]

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