Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK

NameTyrosine-protein kinase SYK
Synonyms2.7.10.2 p72-Syk Spleen tyrosine kinase
Gene NameSYK
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0002614|Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK
MASSGMADSANHLPFFFGNITREEAEDYLVQGGMSDGLYLLRQSRNYLGGFALSVAHGRK
AHHYTIERELNGTYAIAGGRTHASPADLCHYHSQESDGLVCLLKKPFNRPQGVQPKTGPF
EDLKENLIREYVKQTWNLQGQALEQAIISQKPQLEKLIATTAHEKMPWFHGKISREESEQ
IVLIGSKTNGKFLIRARDNNGSYALCLLHEGKVLHYRIDKDKTGKLSIPEGKKFDTLWQL
VEHYSYKADGLLRVLTVPCQKIGTQGNVNFGGRPQLPGSHPATWSAGGIISRIKSYSFPK
PGHRKSSPAQGNRQESTVSFNPYEPELAPWAADKGPQREALPMDTEVYESPYADPEEIRP
KEVYLDRKLLTLEDKELGSGNFGTVKKGYYQMKKVVKTVAVKILKNEANDPALKDELLAE
ANVMQQLDNPYIVRMIGICEAESWMLVMEMAELGPLNKYLQQNRHVKDKNIIELVHQVSM
GMKYLEESNFVHRDLAARNVLLVTQHYAKISDFGLSKALRADENYYKAQTHGKWPVKWYA
PECINYYKFSSKSDVWSFGVLMWEAFSYGQKPYRGMKGSEVTAMLEKGERMGCPAGCPRE
MYDLMNLCWTYDVENRPGFAAVELRLRNYYYDVVN
Number of residues635
Molecular Weight72065.76
Theoretical pI8.4
GO Classification
Functions
    integrin binding
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity
receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity
ATP binding
protein kinase activity
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
protein tyrosine kinase activity
Processes
    positive regulation of interleukin-3 biosynthetic process
leukocyte activation involved in immune response
transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway
serotonin secretion by platelet
cell differentiation
adaptive immune response
positive regulation of mast cell degranulation
macrophage activation involved in immune response
blood coagulation
angiogenesis
Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis
regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
receptor internalization
positive regulation of B cell differentiation
regulation of phagocytosis
innate immune response
leukocyte cell-cell adhesion
protein phosphorylation
positive regulation of bone resorption
positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation
peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation
B cell receptor signaling pathway
stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation
regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity
cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus
regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway
positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation
platelet activation
positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation
activation of JUN kinase activity
positive regulation of type I interferon production
defense response to bacterium
positive regulation of cytokine secretion
organ morphogenesis
regulation of arachidonic acid secretion
Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway
positive regulation of receptor internalization
integrin-mediated signaling pathway
peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
regulation of neutrophil degranulation
cell proliferation
leukotriene biosynthetic process
neutrophil activation involved in immune response
blood vessel morphogenesis
regulation of platelet aggregation
positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling
beta selection
neutrophil chemotaxis
lymph vessel development
regulation of superoxide anion generation
positive regulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor biosynthetic process
cellular response to molecule of fungal origin
regulation of platelet activation
viral process
transcription factor import into nucleus
Components
    nucleus
plasma membrane
T cell receptor complex
cytoplasm
protein complex
B cell receptor complex
early phagosome
cytosol
extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
General FunctionReceptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity
Specific FunctionNon-receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates signal transduction downstream of a variety of transmembrane receptors including classical immunoreceptors like the B-cell receptor (BCR). Regulates several biological processes including innate and adaptive immunity, cell adhesion, osteoclast maturation, platelet activation and vascular development. Assembles into signaling complexes with activated receptors at the plasma membrane via interaction between its SH2 domains and the receptor tyrosine-phosphorylated ITAM domains. The association with the receptor can also be indirect and mediated by adapter proteins containing ITAM or partial hemITAM domains. The phosphorylation of the ITAM domains is generally mediated by SRC subfamily kinases upon engagement of the receptor. More rarely signal transduction via SYK could be ITAM-independent. Direct downstream effectors phosphorylated by SYK include VAV1, PLCG1, PI-3-kinase, LCP2 and BLNK. Initially identified as essential in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, it is necessary for the maturation of B-cells most probably at the pro-B to pre-B transition. Activated upon BCR engagement, it phosphorylates and activates BLNK an adapter linking the activated BCR to downstream signaling adapters and effectors. It also phosphorylates and activates PLCG1 and the PKC signaling pathway. It also phosphorylates BTK and regulates its activity in B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-coupled signaling. In addition to its function downstream of BCR plays also a role in T-cell receptor signaling. Plays also a crucial role in the innate immune response to fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens. It is for instance activated by the membrane lectin CLEC7A. Upon stimulation by fungal proteins, CLEC7A together with SYK activates immune cells inducing the production of ROS. Also activates the inflammasome and NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription of chemokines and cytokines in presence of pathogens. Regulates neutrophil degranulation and phagocytosis through activation of the MAPK signaling cascade. Also mediates the activation of dendritic cells by cell necrosis stimuli. Also involved in mast cells activation. Also functions downstream of receptors mediating cell adhesion. Relays for instance, integrin-mediated neutrophils and macrophages activation and P-selectin receptor/SELPG-mediated recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory loci. Plays also a role in non-immune processes. It is for instance involved in vascular development where it may regulate blood and lymphatic vascular separation. It is also required for osteoclast development and function. Functions in the activation of platelets by collagen, mediating PLCG2 phosphorylation and activation. May be coupled to the collagen receptor by the ITAM domain-containing FCER1G. Also activated by the membrane lectin CLEC1B that is required for activation of platelets by PDPN/podoplanin. Involved in platelet adhesion being activated by ITGB3 engaged by fibrinogen.
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID496900
UniProtKB IDP43405
UniProtKB Entry NameKSYK_HUMAN
Cellular LocationCell membrane
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0010918|Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK (SYK)
ATGGCCAGCAGCGGCATGGCTGACAGCGCCAACCACCTGCCCTTCTTTTTCGGCAACATC
ACCCGGGAGGAGGCAGAAGATTACCTGGTCCAGGGGGGCATGAGTGATGGGCTTTATTTG
CTGCGCCAGAGCCGCAACTACCTGGGTGGCTTCGCCCTGTCCGTGGCCCACGGGAGGAAG
GCACACCACTACACCATCGAGCGGGAGCTGAATGGCACCTACGCCATCGCCGGTGGCAGG
ACCCATGCCAGCCCCGCCGACCTCTGCCACTACCACTCCCAGGAGTCTGATGGCCTGGTC
TGCCTCCTCAAGAAGCCCTTCAACCGGCCCCAAGGGGTGCAGCCCAAGACTGGGCCCTTT
GAGGATTTGAAGGAAAACCTCATCAGGGAATATGTGAAGCAGACATGGAACCTGCAGGGT
CAGGCTCTGGAGCAGGCCATCATCAGTCAGAAGCCTCAGCTGGAGAAGCTGATCGCTACC
ACAGCCCATGAAAAAATGCCTTGGTTCCATGGAAAAATCTCTCGGGAAGAATCTGAGCAA
ATTGTCCTGATAGGATCAAAGACAAATGGAAAGTTCCTGATCCGAGCCAGAGACAACAAC
GGCTCCTACGCCCTGTGCCTGCTGCACGAAGGGAAGGTGCTGCACTATCGCATCGACAAA
GACAAGACAGGGAAGCTCTCCATCCCCGAGGGAAAGAAGTTCGACACGCTCTGGCAGCTA
GTCGAGCATTATTCTTATAAAGCAGATGGTTTGTTAAGAGTTCTTACTGTCCCATGTCAA
AAAATCGGCACACAGGGAAATGTTAATTTTGGAGGCCGTCCACAACTTCCAGGTTCCCAT
CCTGCGTCCTCCCCTGCCCAAGGGAACCGGCAAGAGAGTACTGTGTCATTCAATCCGTAT
GAGCCAGAACTTGCACCCTGGGCTGCAGACAAAGGCCCCCAGAGAGAAGCCCTACCCATG
GACACAGAGGTGTACGAGAGCCCCTACGCGGACCCCGAGGAGATCAGGCCCAAGGAGGTT
TACCTGGACCGAAAGCTGCTGACGCTGGAAGACAAAGAACTGGGCTCTGGTAATTTTGGA
ACTGTGAAAAAGGGCTACTACCAAATGAAAAAAGTTGTGAAAACCGTGGCTGTGAAAATA
CTGAAAAACGAGGCCAATGACCCCGCTCTTAAAGATGAGTTATTAGCAGAAGCAAATGTC
ATGCAGCAGCTGGACAACCCGTACATCGTGCGGATGATCGGGATATGCGAGGCCGAGTCC
TGGATGCTGGTTATGGAGATGGCAGAACTTGGTCCCCTCAATAAGTATTTGCAGCAGAAC
AGACATGTCAAGGATAAGAACATCATAGAACTGGTTCATCAGGTTTCCATGGGCATGAAG
TACTTGGAGGAGAGCAATTTTGTGCACAGAGATCTGGCTGCAAGAAATGTGTTGCTAGTT
ACCCAACATTACGCCAAGATCAGTGATTTCGGACTTTCCAAAGCACTGCGTGCTGATGAA
AACTACTACAAGGCCCAGACCCATGGAAAGTGGCCTGTCAAGTGGTACGCTCCGGAATGC
ATCAACTACTACAAGTTCTCCAGCAAAAGCGATGTCTGGAGCTTTGGAGTGTTGATGTGG
GAAGCATTCTCCTATGGGCAGAAGCCATATCGAGGGATGAAAGGAAGTGAAGTCACCGCT
ATGTTAGAGAAAGGAGAGCGGATGGGGTGCCCTGCAGGGTGTCCAAGAGAGATGTACGAT
CTCATGAATCTGTGCTGGACATACGATGTGGAAAACAGGCCCGGATTCGCAGCAGTGGAA
CTGCGGCTGCGCAATTACTACTATGACGTGGTGAACTAA
GenBank Gene IDZ29630
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas IDSYK
HGNC IDHGNC:11491
Chromosome Location9
Locus9q22
References
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