Thioredoxin, mitochondrial

NameThioredoxin, mitochondrial
SynonymsMTRX Thioredoxin-2 TRX2
Gene NameTXN2
OrganismHuman
Amino acid sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017607|Thioredoxin, mitochondrial
MAQRLLLRRFLASVISRKPSQGQWPPLTSRALQTPQCSPGGLTVTPNPARTIYTTRISLT
TFNIQDGPDFQDRVVNSETPVVVDFHAQWCGPCKILGPRLEKMVAKQHGKVVMAKVDIDD
HTDLAIEYEVSAVPTVLAMKNGDVVDKFVGIKDEDQLEAFLKKLIG
Number of residues166
Molecular Weight18383.165
Theoretical pINone
GO Classification
Functions
    peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase activity
oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor
protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase activity
Processes
    cellular response to oxidative stress
cellular response to nutrient levels
oxidation-reduction process
response to reactive oxygen species
response to hypoxia
response to drug
glycerol ether metabolic process
response to axon injury
protein folding
response to nutrient
response to hormone
cell redox homeostasis
response to glucose
sulfate assimilation
response to organic cyclic compound
Components
    mitochondrion
dendrite
neuronal cell body
mitochondrial matrix
nucleolus
General FunctionProtein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
Specific FunctionHas an anti-apoptotic function and plays an important role in the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Could be involved in the resistance to anti-tumor agents. Possesses a dithiol-reducing activity.
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID
UniProtKB IDQ99757
UniProtKB Entry NameTHIOM_HUMAN
Cellular LocationMitochondrion
Gene sequence
>lcl|BSEQ0017608|Thioredoxin, mitochondrial (TXN2)
ATGGCTCAGCGACTTCTTCTGAGGAGGTTCCTGGCCTCTGTCATCTCCAGGAAGCCCTCT
CAGGGTCAGTGGCCACCCCTCACTTCCAGAGCCCTGCAGACCCCACAATGCAGTCCTGGT
GGCCTGACTGTAACACCCAACCCAGCCCGGACAATATACACCACGAGGATCTCCTTGACA
ACCTTTAATATCCAGGATGGACCTGACTTTCAAGACCGAGTGGTCAACAGTGAGACACCA
GTGGTTGTGGATTTCCACGCACAGTGGTGTGGACCCTGCAAGATCCTGGGGCCGAGGTTA
GAGAAGATGGTGGCCAAGCAGCACGGGAAGGTGGTGATGGCCAAGGTGGATATTGATGAC
CACACAGACCTCGCCATTGAGTATGAGGTGTCAGCGGTGCCCACTGTGCTGGCCATGAAG
AATGGGGACGTGGTGGACAAGTTTGTGGGCATCAAGGATGAGGATCAGTTGGAGGCCTTC
CTGAAGAAGCTGATTGGCTGA
GenBank Gene ID
GeneCard IDNone
GenAtlas ID
HGNC IDHGNC:17772
Chromosome Location22
LocusNone
References
  1. Chen Y, Cai J, Murphy TJ, Jones DP: Overexpressed human mitochondrial thioredoxin confers resistance to oxidant-induced apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33242-8. Epub 2002 May 24.[12032145 ]
  2. Damdimopoulos AE, Miranda-Vizuete A, Pelto-Huikko M, Gustafsson JA, Spyrou G: Human mitochondrial thioredoxin. Involvement in mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death. J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 6;277(36):33249-57. Epub 2002 Jun 21.[12080052 ]
  3. Collins JE, Wright CL, Edwards CA, Davis MP, Grinham JA, Cole CG, Goward ME, Aguado B, Mallya M, Mokrab Y, Huckle EJ, Beare DM, Dunham I: A genome annotation-driven approach to cloning the human ORFeome. Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R84. Epub 2004 Sep 30.[15461802 ]
  4. Dunham I, Shimizu N, Roe BA, Chissoe S, Hunt AR, Collins JE, Bruskiewich R, Beare DM, Clamp M, Smink LJ, Ainscough R, Almeida JP, Babbage A, Bagguley C, Bailey J, Barlow K, Bates KN, Beasley O, Bird CP, Blakey S, Bridgeman AM, Buck D, Burgess J, Burrill WD, O'Brien KP, et al.: The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22. Nature. 1999 Dec 2;402(6761):489-95.[10591208 ]
  5. Xu G, Shin SB, Jaffrey SR: Global profiling of protease cleavage sites by chemoselective labeling of protein N-termini. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19310-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0908958106. Epub 2009 Nov 5.[19892738 ]
  6. Choudhary C, Kumar C, Gnad F, Nielsen ML, Rehman M, Walther TC, Olsen JV, Mann M: Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science. 2009 Aug 14;325(5942):834-40. doi: 10.1126/science.1175371. Epub 2009 Jul 16.[19608861 ]
  7. Bian Y, Song C, Cheng K, Dong M, Wang F, Huang J, Sun D, Wang L, Ye M, Zou H: An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J Proteomics. 2014 Jan 16;96:253-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.11.014. Epub 2013 Nov 22.[24275569 ]
  8. Vaca Jacome AS, Rabilloud T, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Rompais M, Ayoub D, Lane L, Bairoch A, Van Dorsselaer A, Carapito C: N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics. 2015 Jul;15(14):2519-24. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201400617. Epub 2015 Jun 8.[25944712 ]
  9. Smeets A, Evrard C, Landtmeters M, Marchand C, Knoops B, Declercq JP: Crystal structures of oxidized and reduced forms of human mitochondrial thioredoxin 2. Protein Sci. 2005 Oct;14(10):2610-21.[16195549 ]
  10. Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R, Good P, Guyer M, Peck AM, Derge JG, Lipman D, Collins FS, Jang W, Sherry S, Feolo M, Misquitta L, Lee E, Rotmistrovsky K, Greenhut SF, Schaefer CF, Buetow K, Bonner TI, Haussler D, Kent J, Kiekhaus M, Furey T, Brent M, Prange C, Schreiber K, Shapiro N, Bhat NK, Hopkins RF, Hsie F, Driscoll T, Soares MB, Casavant TL, Scheetz TE, Brown-stein MJ, Usdin TB, Toshiyuki S, Carninci P, Piao Y, Dudekula DB, Ko MS, Kawakami K, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Gruber CE, Smith MR, Simmons B, Moore T, Waterman R, Johnson SL, Ruan Y, Wei CL, Mathavan S, Gunaratne PH, Wu J, Garcia AM, Hulyk SW, Fuh E, Yuan Y, Sneed A, Kowis C, Hodgson A, Muzny DM, McPherson J, Gibbs RA, Fahey J, Helton E, Ketteman M, Madan A, Rodrigues S, Sanchez A, Whiting M, Madari A, Young AC, Wetherby KD, Granite SJ, Kwong PN, Brinkley CP, Pearson RL, Bouffard GG, Blakesly RW, Green ED, Dickson MC, Rodriguez AC, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Butterfield YS, Griffith M, Griffith OL, Krzywinski MI, Liao N, Morin R, Palmquist D, Petrescu AS, Skalska U, Smailus DE, Stott JM, Schnerch A, Schein JE, Jones SJ, Holt RA, Baross A, Marra MA, Clifton S, Makowski KA, Bosak S, Malek J: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. 2004 Oct;14(10B):2121-7.[15489334 ]

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