POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
Relevant Data
Food Additives Approved by WHO:
Food Additives Approved by European Union:
General Information
| Mainterm | POTASSIUM CHLORIDE |
| Doc Type | ASP |
| CAS Reg.No.(or other ID) | 7447-40-7 |
| Regnum |
166.110 150.141 150.161 184.1622 201.306 |
From www.fda.gov
Computed Descriptors
Download SDF| 2D Structure | |
| CID | 4873 |
| IUPAC Name | potassium;chloride |
| InChI | InChI=1S/ClH.K/h1H;/q;+1/p-1 |
| InChI Key | WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M |
| Canonical SMILES | [Cl-].[K+] |
| Molecular Formula | KCl |
| Wikipedia | potassium chloride |
From Pubchem
Computed Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 74.548 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 1 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Complexity | 2.0 |
| CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint | A A A D c Q A A A A A E Q A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A = = |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0.0 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 73.933 |
| Exact Mass | 73.933 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized | True |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 2 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 2 |
From Pubchem
Toxicity Profile
| Route of Exposure | Potassium is a normal dietary constituent and under steady-state conditions the amount of potassium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is equal to the amount excreted in the urine. |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of Toxicity | Supplemental potassium in the form of high potassium food or potassium chloride may be able to restore normal potassium levels. |
| Metabolism | Route of Elimination: Potassium is a normal dietary constituent and, under steady-state conditions, the amount of potassium absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is equal to the amount excreted in the urine. Potassium depletion will occur whenever the rate of potassium loss through renal excretion and/or loss from the gastrointestinal tract exceeds the rate of potassium intake. |
| Toxicity Values | None |
| Lethal Dose | None |
| Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). |
| Minimum Risk Level | None |
| Health Effects | The administration of oral potassium salts to persons with normal excretory mechanisms for potassium rarely causes serious hyperkalemia. However, if excretory mechanisms are impaired, of if potassium is administered too rapidly intravenously, potentially fatal hyperkalemia can result. It is important to recognize that hyperkalemia is usually asymptomatic and may be manifested only by an increased serum potassium concentration (6.5-8.0 mEq/L) and characteristic electrocardiographic changes (peaking of T-waves, loss of P-wave, depression of S-T segment, and prolongation of the QT interval). Late manifestations include muscle paralysis and cardiovascular collapse from cardiac arrest (9-12 mEq/L). |
| Treatment | EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration. |
| Reference |
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From T3DB
Taxonomic Classification
| Kingdom | Inorganic compounds |
|---|---|
| Superclass | Mixed metal/non-metal compounds |
| Class | Alkali metal salts |
| Subclass | Alkali metal chlorides |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Alkali metal chlorides |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Not available |
| Substituents | Alkali metal chloride - Inorganic chloride salt - Inorganic salt |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkali metal chlorides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest halogen atom is Chlorine, and the heaviest metal atom is an alkali metal. |
From ClassyFire
Targets
- General Function:
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A1
- Uniprot ID:
- Q13621
- Molecular Weight:
- 121449.13 Da
References
- Pressler CA, Heinzinger J, Jeck N, Waldegger P, Pechmann U, Reinalter S, Konrad M, Beetz R, Seyberth HW, Waldegger S: Late-onset manifestation of antenatal Bartter syndrome as a result of residual function of the mutated renal Na+-K+-2Cl- co-transporter. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Aug;17(8):2136-42. Epub 2006 Jun 28. [16807401 ]
- General Function:
- Protein kinase binding
- Specific Function:
- Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport in mature neurons. Transport occurs under isotonic conditions, but is activated 20-fold by cell swelling. Important for Cl(-) homeostasis in neurons.
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A5
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9H2X9
- Molecular Weight:
- 126182.49 Da
References
- Capo-Aponte JE, Wang Z, Bildin VN, Iserovich P, Pan Z, Zhang F, Pokorny KS, Reinach PS: Functional and molecular characterization of multiple K-Cl cotransporter isoforms in corneal epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res. 2007 Jun;84(6):1090-103. Epub 2007 Feb 16. [17418819 ]
- General Function:
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A2
- Uniprot ID:
- P55011
- Molecular Weight:
- 131445.825 Da
References
- Hebert SC: Bartter syndrome. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2003 Sep;12(5):527-32. [12920401 ]
- General Function:
- Protein kinase binding
- Specific Function:
- Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling. May contribute to cell volume homeostasis in single cells. May be involved in the regulation of basolateral Cl(-) exit in NaCl absorbing epithelia (By similarity). Isoform 4 has no transport activity.
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A4
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9UP95
- Molecular Weight:
- 120648.73 Da
References
- Klein T, Cooper TG, Yeung CH: The role of potassium chloride cotransporters in murine and human sperm volume regulation. Biol Reprod. 2006 Dec;75(6):853-8. Epub 2006 Aug 30. [16943364 ]
- General Function:
- Rubidium ion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function:
- Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport. May be activated by cell swelling. May contribute to cell volume homeostasis in single cells.
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A6
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9UHW9
- Molecular Weight:
- 127615.745 Da
References
- Klein T, Cooper TG, Yeung CH: The role of potassium chloride cotransporters in murine and human sperm volume regulation. Biol Reprod. 2006 Dec;75(6):853-8. Epub 2006 Aug 30. [16943364 ]
- General Function:
- Protein kinase binding
- Specific Function:
- Mediates electroneutral potassium-chloride cotransport when activated by cell swelling. May mediate K(+) uptake into Deiters' cells in the cochlea and contribute to K(+) recycling in the inner ear. Important for the survival of cochlear outer and inner hair cells and the maintenance of the organ of Corti. May be required for basolateral Cl(-) extrusion in the kidney and contribute to renal acidification (By similarity).
- Gene Name:
- SLC12A7
- Uniprot ID:
- Q9Y666
- Molecular Weight:
- 119104.84 Da
References
- Klein T, Cooper TG, Yeung CH: The role of potassium chloride cotransporters in murine and human sperm volume regulation. Biol Reprod. 2006 Dec;75(6):853-8. Epub 2006 Aug 30. [16943364 ]
From T3DB