MELAMINE

General Information

From www.fda.gov

2D Structure
CID	7955
IUPAC Name	1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine
InChI	InChI=1S/C3H6N6/c4-1-7-2(5)9-3(6)8-1/h(H6,4,5,6,7,8,9)
InChI Key	JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	C1(=NC(=NC(=N1)N)N)N
Molecular Formula	C3H6N6
Wikipedia	melamine

From Pubchem

Property Name	Property Value
Molecular Weight	126.123
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	3
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	6
Rotatable Bond Count	0
Complexity	63.3
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint	A A A D c Y B D g A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A s A A A A A A A A A A A B g A A A B A A Q A A A A A A A A A A A B E A Z I E A A g A A A A J A A A A A k A A I A B A A A A A A C A C A A A A A A A A A A I A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A = =
Topological Polar Surface Area	117.0
Monoisotopic Mass	126.065
Exact Mass	126.065
Compound Is Canonicalized	True
Formal Charge	0
Heavy Atom Count	9
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Isotope Atom Count	0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count	1

From Pubchem

Model	Result	Probability
Absorption
Blood-Brain Barrier	BBB+	0.8805
Human Intestinal Absorption	HIA+	0.9592
Caco-2 Permeability	Caco2+	0.6815
P-glycoprotein Substrate	Non-substrate	0.8019
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9809
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9741
Renal Organic Cation Transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.8408
Distribution
Subcellular localization	Lysosome	0.5821
Metabolism
CYP450 2C9 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.9000
CYP450 2D6 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.8405
CYP450 3A4 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.8372
CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7989
CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9769
CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9847
CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9654
CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9658
CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.9540
Excretion
Toxicity
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition	Weak inhibitor	0.9415
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition	Non-inhibitor	0.9336
AMES Toxicity	Non AMES toxic	0.9133
Carcinogens	Non-carcinogens	0.9202
Fish Toxicity	Low FHMT	0.9670
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity	Low TPT	0.7045
Honey Bee Toxicity	Low HBT	0.7980
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.9289
Acute Oral Toxicity	III	0.8086
Carcinogenicity (Three-class)	Non-required	0.5291

From admetSAR

Model	Value	Unit
Absorption
Aqueous solubility	-1.1392	LogS
Caco-2 Permeability	1.3097	LogPapp, cm/s
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Toxicity
Rat Acute Toxicity	1.6321	LD50, mol/kg
Fish Toxicity	2.9249	pLC50, mg/L
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity	-0.6563	pIGC50, ug/L

From admetSAR

Route of Exposure	Oral ; inhalation ; dermal
Mechanism of Toxicity	Melamine causes carcinomas of the urinary bladder at high doses (in male rats). Formation of bladder stones occurred and these calculi are necessary for the induction of tumours. Carcinomas are induced by continuous irritation of the bladder epithelium by the calculi, so that melamine acts only indirectly as a non-genotoxic carcinogen.
Metabolism	Melamine is not metabolized and is rapidly eliminated via urine in a study with oral application to rats.
Toxicity Values	LD50: 3161 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) LD50: 3296 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) LD50: > 1000 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) LC50: 3248 mg/m3 (Inhalation, Rat)
Lethal Dose
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)	3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans.
Minimum Risk Level
Health Effects	Studies ranging from skin irritation to carcinogenicity are available. Melamine is not genotoxic but it causes carcinomas of the urinary bladder at high doses. Melamine is not irritating to skin and eye, not sensitising and not teratogenic. (L1777)
Treatment
Reference

From T3DB

Kingdom	Organic compounds
Superclass	Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class	Triazines
Subclass	1,3,5-triazines
Intermediate Tree Nodes	Not available
Direct Parent	1,3,5-triazines
Alternative Parents	Organonitrogen compounds Organopnictogen compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives Heteroaromatic compounds Azacyclic compounds
Molecular Framework	Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
Substituents	1,3,5-triazine - Heteroaromatic compound - Azacycle - Organic nitrogen compound - Organopnictogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organonitrogen compound - Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound
Description	This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 1,3,5-triazines. These are compounds containing a triazine ring, which is a heterocyclic ring, similar to the six-member benzene ring but with three carbons replaced by nitrogen atoms, at ring positions 1, 3, and 5.

From ClassyFire

General Function:: Temperature-gated cation channel activity
Specific Function:: Receptor-activated non-selective cation channel involved in detection of pain and possibly also in cold perception and inner ear function (PubMed:25389312, PubMed:25855297). Has a central role in the pain response to endogenous inflammatory mediators and to a diverse array of volatile irritants, such as mustard oil, cinnamaldehyde, garlic and acrolein, an irritant from tears gas and vehicule exhaust fumes (PubMed:25389312, PubMed:20547126). Is also activated by menthol (in vitro)(PubMed:25389312). Acts also as a ionotropic cannabinoid receptor by being activated by delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the psychoactive component of marijuana (PubMed:25389312). May be a component for the mechanosensitive transduction channel of hair cells in inner ear, thereby participating in the perception of sounds. Probably operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system (By similarity).
Gene Name:: TRPA1
Uniprot ID:: O75762
Molecular Weight:: 127499.88 Da

Nilius B, Prenen J, Owsianik G: Irritating channels: the case of TRPA1. J Physiol. 2011 Apr 1;589(Pt 7):1543-9. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.200717. Epub 2010 Nov 15. [21078588 ]

From T3DB