HEXANOIC ACID

Relevant Data

Food Additives Approved by WHO:

Flavouring Substances Approved by European Union:

General Information

Mainterm	HEXANOIC ACID
Doc Type	ASP
CAS Reg.No.(or other ID)	142-62-1
Regnum	172.515 173.315

From www.fda.gov

Computed Descriptors

Download SDF

2D Structure
CID	8892
IUPAC Name	hexanoic acid
InChI	InChI=1S/C6H12O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3,(H,7,8)
InChI Key	FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CCCCCC(=O)O
Molecular Formula	C6H12O2
Wikipedia	caproic acid

From Pubchem

Computed Properties

Property Name	Property Value
Molecular Weight	116.16
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count	1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count	2
Rotatable Bond Count	4
Complexity	68.9
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint	A A A D c c B g M A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A G g A A C A A A C A C A g A A C C A A A A g A I A A C Q C A A A A A A A A A A A A A E A A A A A A B I A A A A A Q A A E A A A A A A G I S A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A = =
Topological Polar Surface Area	37.3
Monoisotopic Mass	116.084
Exact Mass	116.084
Compound Is Canonicalized	True
Formal Charge	0
Heavy Atom Count	8
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count	0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count	0
Isotope Atom Count	0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count	1

From Pubchem

Food Additives Biosynthesis/Degradation

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Classification

Model	Result	Probability
Absorption
Blood-Brain Barrier	BBB+	0.9657
Human Intestinal Absorption	HIA+	0.9867
Caco-2 Permeability	Caco2+	0.8092
P-glycoprotein Substrate	Non-substrate	0.6103
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9618
P-glycoprotein Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9651
Renal Organic Cation Transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.9360
Distribution
Subcellular localization	Mitochondria	0.5379
Metabolism
CYP450 2C9 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.7728
CYP450 2D6 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.8966
CYP450 3A4 Substrate	Non-substrate	0.6955
CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor	Inhibitor	0.8055
CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8977
CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9504
CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9474
CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9531
CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.9587
Excretion
Toxicity
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition	Weak inhibitor	0.9515
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition	Non-inhibitor	0.8971
AMES Toxicity	Non AMES toxic	0.9850
Carcinogens	Non-carcinogens	0.6359
Fish Toxicity	High FHMT	0.7928
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity	High TPT	0.9766
Honey Bee Toxicity	High HBT	0.6652
Biodegradation	Ready biodegradable	0.8962
Acute Oral Toxicity	III	0.8226
Carcinogenicity (Three-class)	Non-required	0.6773

From admetSAR

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Regression

Model	Value	Unit
Absorption
Aqueous solubility	-2.0177	LogS
Caco-2 Permeability	1.4589	LogPapp, cm/s
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Toxicity
Rat Acute Toxicity	1.6604	LD50, mol/kg
Fish Toxicity	2.6304	pLC50, mg/L
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity	-0.3351	pIGC50, ug/L

From admetSAR

Toxicity Profile

Route of Exposure	None
Mechanism of Toxicity	None
Metabolism	None
Toxicity Values	None
Lethal Dose	None
Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification)	No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Minimum Risk Level	None
Health Effects	None
Treatment	None
Reference	Epps JM, Phillips JO, Mestecky J: IgA-mediated clearance and tissue deposition of dinitrophenylated human serum albumin at various DNP:HSA ratios. Mol Immunol. 1988 Aug;25(8):731-8.[3185569 ] Varani J, Orr W, Ward PA: Cell-associated proteases affect tumour cell migration in vitro. J Cell Sci. 1979 Apr;36:241-52.[457809 ] Schoots AC, Mikkers FE, Cramers CA, Ringoir S: Profiling of uremic serum by high-resolution gas chromatography-electron-impact, chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr. 1979 Sep 11;164(1):1-8.[541389 ] Jakobs C, Sweetman L, Nyhan WL: Hydroxy acid metabolites of branched-chain amino acids in amniotic fluid. Clin Chim Acta. 1984 Jul 16;140(2):157-66.[6467607 ] Nilsen SL, Castellino FJ: Expression of human plasminogen in Drosophila Schneider S2 cells. Protein Expr Purif. 1999 Jun;16(1):136-43.[10336871 ] Ohdoi C, Nyhan WL, Kuhara T: Chemical diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003 Jul 15;792(1):123-30.[12829005 ] Varani J, Orr W, Ward PA: Comparison of cell attachment and caseinolytic activities of five tumour cell types. J Cell Sci. 1978 Dec;34:133-44.[748334 ] Hoverstad T, Fausa O, Bjorneklett A, Bohmer T: Short-chain fatty acids in the normal human feces. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1984 May;19(3):375-81.[6740214 ] Harkness RA: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome: reduced amino acid concentrations in CSF and brain. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1989;253A:159-63.[2624185 ] Traul KA, Driedger A, Ingle DL, Nakhasi D: Review of the toxicologic properties of medium-chain triglycerides. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000 Jan;38(1):79-98.[10685018 ]

From T3DB

Taxonomic Classification

Kingdom	Organic compounds
Superclass	Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class	Fatty Acyls
Subclass	Fatty acids and conjugates
Intermediate Tree Nodes	Not available
Direct Parent	Medium-chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents	Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives Carbonyl compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives Straight chain fatty acids Organic oxides Carboxylic acids
Molecular Framework	Aliphatic acyclic compounds
Substituents	Medium-chain fatty acid - Straight chain fatty acid - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Carboxylic acid - Carboxylic acid derivative - Organic oxygen compound - Organic oxide - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Aliphatic acyclic compound
Description	This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as medium-chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with an aliphatic tail that contains between 4 and 12 carbon atoms.

From ClassyFire

Targets

Target Details

Aldose reductase

General Function:: Glyceraldehyde oxidoreductase activity
Specific Function:: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl-containing compounds to their corresponding alcohols with a broad range of catalytic efficiencies.
Gene Name:: AKR1B1
Uniprot ID:: P15121
Molecular Weight:: 35853.125 Da

References

Ferrari AM, Degliesposti G, Sgobba M, Rastelli G: Validation of an automated procedure for the prediction of relative free energies of binding on a set of aldose reductase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Dec 15;15(24):7865-77. Epub 2007 Aug 22. [17870536 ]

From T3DB

Synonyms:	CAPROIC ACID
Chemical Names:	HEXANOIC ACID
CAS number:	142-62-1
COE number:	9
JECFA number:	93
FEMA number:	2559
Evaluation year:	1997
ADI:	No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent
Meeting:	49
Specs Code:	N
Report:	TRS 884-JECFA 49/29
Tox Monograph:	FAS 40-JECFA 49/147
Specification:	COMPENDIUM ADDENDUM 5/FNP 52 Add.5/212

Chemical name	Hexanoic acid
CAS number	142-62-1
COE number	9
JECFA number	93
Flavouring type	substances
FL No.	08.009
Mixture	No
Purity of the named substance at least 95% unless otherwise specified
Reference body	JECFA