Lutein

Relevant Data

Food Additives Approved in the United States

Food Additives Approved by WHO:

General Information

Chemical nameLutein
E No.E 161b
INS.161b
CAS number127-40-2
GroupNo
Component of the group Group III, Food colours with combined maximum limit (Group III)

From webgate.ec.europa.eu

Authorisation of the use of this additive in Food Additives

The additive is authorised to be used in the following category(ies):
category(ies) Individual restriction(s)/exception(s) footnote
  • Processed cheese (1.7.5)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only flavoured processed cheese
  • 33 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, E 102, E 120, E 122, E 160e and E 161b
  • Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC (4.2.5.2)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , except chestnut puree
  • 31 Maximum individually or in combination with E 120, E 142, E 160d and E 161b
  • Other similar fruit or vegetable spreads (4.2.5.3)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , except crème de pruneaux
  • 31 Maximum individually or in combination with E 120, E 142, E 160d and E 161b
  • Processed fish and fisheries products including molluscs and crustaceans (9.2)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only fish paste and crustacean paste

  • ML = 250 mg/kg , only precooked crustacean
  • 35 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, E 102, E 120, E 122, E 142, E 151, E 160e, E 161b

  • 36 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, 102, E 120, E 122, E 129, E 142, E 151, E 160e, E 161b

From webgate.ec.europa.eu

Computed Descriptors

Download SDF
2D Structure
CID5281243
IUPAC Name(1R)-4-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-18-[(1R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl]-3,7,12,16-tetramethyloctadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-3-en-1-ol
InChIInChI=1S/C40H56O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-37-33(5)25-35(41)27-39(37,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-38-34(6)26-36(42)28-40(38,9)10/h11-25,35-37,41-42H,26-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13+,18-14+,23-21+,24-22+,29-15+,30-16+,31-19+,32-20+/t35-,36+,37-/m0/s1
InChI KeyKBPHJBAIARWVSC-RGZFRNHPSA-N
Canonical SMILESCC1=C(C(CC(C1)O)(C)C)C=CC(=CC=CC(=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC2C(=CC(CC2(C)C)O)C)C)C
Molecular FormulaC40H56O2
WikipediaXanthophyll

From Pubchem

Computed Properties

Property Name Property Value
Molecular Weight568.886
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count2
Rotatable Bond Count10
Complexity1270.0
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint A A A D c f B 8 M A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A g Q A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A G g A A C A A A D x S g g A I C A A A A A g C A A i B C A A A A A A A g A A A I C A A A A A g I F A I A A Q A A U A A E w A A I k A O A w M A P g A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A = =
Topological Polar Surface Area40.5
Monoisotopic Mass568.428
Exact Mass568.428
XLogP3None
XLogP3-AA11.0
Compound Is CanonicalizedTrue
Formal Charge0
Heavy Atom Count42
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count3
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count9
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Isotope Atom Count0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count1

From Pubchem

Food Additives Biosynthesis/Degradation

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Classification

Model Result Probability
Absorption
Blood-Brain BarrierBBB+0.6588
Human Intestinal AbsorptionHIA+0.9972
Caco-2 PermeabilityCaco2+0.7904
P-glycoprotein SubstrateSubstrate0.5199
P-glycoprotein InhibitorInhibitor0.5819
Non-inhibitor0.8202
Renal Organic Cation TransporterNon-inhibitor0.8760
Distribution
Subcellular localizationMitochondria0.6198
Metabolism
CYP450 2C9 SubstrateNon-substrate0.8299
CYP450 2D6 SubstrateNon-substrate0.8408
CYP450 3A4 SubstrateSubstrate0.6607
CYP450 1A2 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9079
CYP450 2C9 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.7723
CYP450 2D6 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9368
CYP450 2C19 InhibitorInhibitor0.5225
CYP450 3A4 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8808
CYP Inhibitory PromiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.6267
Excretion
Toxicity
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene InhibitionWeak inhibitor0.9273
Non-inhibitor0.8259
AMES ToxicityNon AMES toxic0.8391
CarcinogensNon-carcinogens0.7489
Fish ToxicityHigh FHMT0.7396
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ToxicityHigh TPT0.9471
Honey Bee ToxicityHigh HBT0.8389
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9655
Acute Oral ToxicityIII0.7696
Carcinogenicity (Three-class)Non-required0.5753

From admetSAR

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Regression

Model Value Unit
Absorption
Aqueous solubility-3.2123LogS
Caco-2 Permeability1.5930LogPapp, cm/s
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Toxicity
Rat Acute Toxicity2.5006LD50, mol/kg
Fish Toxicity1.5740pLC50, mg/L
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity0.8805pIGC50, ug/L

From admetSAR

Taxonomic Classification

KingdomOrganic compounds
SuperclassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassPrenol lipids
SubclassTetraterpenoids
Intermediate Tree NodesCarotenoids
Direct ParentXanthophylls
Alternative Parents
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic homomonocyclic compounds
SubstituentsXanthophyll - Secondary alcohol - Organic oxygen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Alcohol - Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as xanthophylls. These are carotenoids containing an oxygenated carotene backbone. Carotenes are characterized by the presence of two end-groups (mostly cyclohexene rings, but also cyclopentene rings or acyclic groups) linked by a long branched alkyl chain. Carotenes belonging form a subgroup of the carotenoids family. Xanthophylls arise by oxygenation of the carotene backbone.

From ClassyFire