Cochineal, Carminic acid, Carmines

Relevant Data

Food Additives Approved by WHO:

General Information

Chemical nameCochineal, Carminic acid, Carmines
E No.E 120
INS.120
CAS number1390-65-4; 1260-17-9 (CARMINIC ACID)
GroupNo
Component of the group Group III, Food colours with combined maximum limit (Group III)

From webgate.ec.europa.eu

Authorisation of the use of this additive in Food Additives

The additive is authorised to be used in the following category(ies):
category(ies) Individual restriction(s)/exception(s) footnote
  • Cheese products (excluding products falling in category 16) (1.7.6)(legislation:1129/2011, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 125 mg/kg , only red marbled products
  • Dried fruit and vegetables (4.2.1)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)

  • Fruit and vegetables in vinegar, oil, or brine (4.2.2)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)

  • Canned or bottled fruit and vegetables (4.2.3)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 200 mg/kg , only preserves of red fruit
  • 34 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 120, E 122, E 129, E 131 and E 133
  • Other similar fruit or vegetable spreads (4.2.5.3)(legislation:232/2012, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , except crème de pruneaux
  • 31 Maximum individually or in combination with E 120, E 142, E 160d and E 161b
  • Breakfast cereals (6.3)(legislation:1129/2011, applicable as from 01/06/2013)
  • ML = 200 mg/kg , only fruit flavoured breakfast cereals
  • 53 E 120, E 162 and E 163 may be added individually or in combination
  • Ripened cheese (1.7.2)(legislation: 1093/2014, applicable as from 06/11/2014)
  • ML = 125 mg/kg , only red marbled cheese and red pesto cheese
  • 83 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 3,2 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22(1)(g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Aromatised wines (14.2.7.1)(legislation:923/2014, applicable as from 14/09/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/l , only americano, bitter vino
  • 26 In americano E 100, E 101, E 102, E 104, E 120, E 122, E 123, E 124 are authorised individually or in combination

  • 27 In bitter vino E 100, E 101, E 102, E 104, E 110, E 120, E 122, E 123, E 124, E 129 are authorised individually or in combination

  • 87 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22(1)(g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Aromatised wine-based drinks (14.2.7.2)(legislation:923/2014, applicable as from 14/09/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/l , only bitter soda
  • 28 In bitter soda E 100, E 101, E 102, E 104, E 110, E 120, E 122, E 123, E 124, E 129 are authorised individually or in combination

  • 87 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22(1)(g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 (8.2)(legislation:601/2014, applicable as from 25/06/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only breakfast sausages with a minimum cereal content of 6 %, burger meat with a minimum vegetable and/or cereal content of 4 % mixed within the meat (in these products, the meat is minced in such a way so that the muscle and fat tissue are completely dispersed, so that fibre makes an emulsion with the fat, giving those products their typical appearance), merguez type products, salsicha fresca, mici, butifarra fresca, longaniza fresca, chorizo fresco, cevapcici and pljeskavice
  • 66 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Processed cheese (1.7.5)(legislation:380/2012, applicable as from 01/02/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only flavoured processed cheese
  • 33 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, E 102, E 120, E 122, E 160e and E 161b

  • 66 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Non-heat-treated processed meat (8.3.1)(legislation:380/2012, applicable as from 01/02/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only sausages

  • quantum satis , only pasturmas

  • ML = 200 mg/kg , only chorizo sausage/salchichon
  • 66 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Heat-treated processed meat (8.3.2)(legislation:380/2012, applicable as from 01/02/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only sausages, patés and terrines
  • 66 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Casings and coatings and decorations for meat (8.3.3)(legislation:380/2012, applicable as from 01/02/2014)
  • quantum satis , only edible external coating of pasturmas
  • 78 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 10 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Fruit and vegetable preparations excluding compote (4.2.4.1)(legislation:738/2013, applicable as from 20/08/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , Only seaweed based fish roe analogues

  • ML = 200 mg/kg , Only preserves of red fruit
  • 34 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 120, E 122, E 129, E 131 and E 133
  • Jam, jellies and marmalades and sweetened chestnut puree as defined by Directive 2001/113/EC (4.2.5.2)(legislation:738/2013, applicable as from 20/08/2013)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , except chestnut puree
  • 31 Maximum individually or in combination with E 120, E 142, E 160d and E 161b

  • 66 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 1,5 mg/kg. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22 (1) (g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013
  • Processed fish and fisheries products including molluscs and crustaceans (9.2)(legislation:923/2014, applicable as from 14/09/2014)
  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only fish paste and crustacean paste

  • ML = 100 mg/kg , only smoked fish

  • ML = 250 mg/kg , only precooked crustacean
  • 35 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, E 102, E 120, E 122, E 142, E 151, E 160e, E 161b

  • 36 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, 102, E 120, E 122, E 129, E 142, E 151, E 160e, E 161b

  • 37 Maximum individually or for the combination of E 100, E 102, E 120, E 151, E 160e

  • 85 Maximum limit for aluminium coming from aluminium lakes of E 120 cochineal, carminic acid, carmines 2 mg/kg only in fish paste. No other aluminium lakes may be used. For the purposes of Article 22(1)(g) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 that limit shall apply from 1 February 2013

From webgate.ec.europa.eu

Computed Descriptors

Download SDF
2D Structure
CID14950
IUPAC Name3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-1-methyl-9,10-dioxo-7-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]anthracene-2-carboxylic acid
InChIInChI=1S/C22H20O13/c1-4-8-5(2-6(24)9(4)22(33)34)13(25)10-11(15(8)27)16(28)12(18(30)17(10)29)21-20(32)19(31)14(26)7(3-23)35-21/h2,7,14,19-21,23-24,26,28-32H,3H2,1H3,(H,33,34)
InChI KeyDGQLVPJVXFOQEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILESCC1=C2C(=CC(=C1C(=O)O)O)C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3O)O)C4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O
Molecular FormulaC22H20O13
Wikipediacarminic acid

From Pubchem

Computed Properties

Property Name Property Value
Molecular Weight492.389
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count9
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count13
Rotatable Bond Count3
Complexity864.0
CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint A A A D c e B 4 P A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 0 Y M E A A A A A A A D B Q A A A G g A A C A A A D B S g m A I y D o A A B g C I A q D S C A A C A A A k I A A A i A E G i M g J N z a C N B q C c U E l 4 B U L u Y f L 7 v T u 4 Q A D C A A Y Q A D C A A Y Q A D C A A A A A A A A A A A = =
Topological Polar Surface Area243.0
Monoisotopic Mass492.09
Exact Mass492.09
XLogP3None
XLogP3-AA0.5
Compound Is CanonicalizedTrue
Formal Charge0
Heavy Atom Count35
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count5
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count0
Isotope Atom Count0
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count1

From Pubchem

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Classification

Model Result Probability
Absorption
Blood-Brain BarrierBBB-0.8458
Human Intestinal AbsorptionHIA+0.8417
Caco-2 PermeabilityCaco2-0.8872
P-glycoprotein SubstrateSubstrate0.6493
P-glycoprotein InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9315
Non-inhibitor0.8982
Renal Organic Cation TransporterNon-inhibitor0.9114
Distribution
Subcellular localizationMitochondria0.6163
Metabolism
CYP450 2C9 SubstrateNon-substrate0.7284
CYP450 2D6 SubstrateNon-substrate0.8527
CYP450 3A4 SubstrateNon-substrate0.5754
CYP450 1A2 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8873
CYP450 2C9 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9018
CYP450 2D6 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9727
CYP450 2C19 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9423
CYP450 3A4 InhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9337
CYP Inhibitory PromiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.8922
Excretion
Toxicity
Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene InhibitionWeak inhibitor0.9711
Non-inhibitor0.7727
AMES ToxicityAMES toxic0.9107
CarcinogensNon-carcinogens0.9518
Fish ToxicityHigh FHMT0.9348
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ToxicityHigh TPT0.9453
Honey Bee ToxicityHigh HBT0.5446
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.5087
Acute Oral ToxicityIII0.4005
Carcinogenicity (Three-class)Non-required0.7236

From admetSAR

ADMET Predicted Profile --- Regression

Model Value Unit
Absorption
Aqueous solubility-2.5524LogS
Caco-2 Permeability-0.6858LogPapp, cm/s
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Toxicity
Rat Acute Toxicity2.6570LD50, mol/kg
Fish Toxicity0.9557pLC50, mg/L
Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity0.0795pIGC50, ug/L

From admetSAR

Taxonomic Classification

KingdomOrganic compounds
SuperclassBenzenoids
ClassAnthracenes
SubclassAnthracenecarboxylic acids and derivatives
Intermediate Tree NodesNot available
Direct ParentAnthracenecarboxylic acids
Alternative Parents
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
SubstituentsAnthracene carboxylic acid - 9,10-anthraquinone - Anthraquinone - Hydroxyanthraquinone - Phenolic glycoside - 2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid - 2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid or derivatives - Hexose monosaccharide - C-glycosyl compound - Glycosyl compound - Hydroxybenzoic acid - Salicylic acid or derivatives - Aryl ketone - 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid - Oxane - Monosaccharide - Vinylogous acid - Secondary alcohol - Ketone - Polyol - Carboxylic acid derivative - Carboxylic acid - Dialkyl ether - Ether - Oxacycle - Organoheterocyclic compound - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Organic oxide - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Primary alcohol - Alcohol - Organic oxygen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
DescriptionThis compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as anthracenecarboxylic acids. These are organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid group attached to an anthracene ring system.

From ClassyFire