ALLYL ISOVALERATE
Relevant Data
Food Additives Approved in the United States
Flavouring Substances Approved by European Union:
General Information
| Synonyms: | ALLYL 3-METHYLBUTANOATE |
| Chemical Names: | 2-PROPENYL ISOVALERATE |
| CAS number: | 2835-39-4 |
| COE number: | 2098 |
| JECFA number: | 7 |
| FEMA number: | 2045 |
| Functional Class: |
Flavouring Agent FLAVOURING_AGENT |
From apps.who.int
Evaluations
| Evaluation year: | 1996 |
| ADI: | 0-0.12 mg/kg bw (1990) |
| Meeting: | 46 |
| Specs Code: | R |
| Comments: | No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent. The 1990 ADI, equivalent to 0-0.05 mg/kg allyl alcohol, for allyl heptanoate, allyl hexanoate and allyl isovalerate was maintained at the forty-sixth meeting (1996). |
| Report: | TRS 868-JECFA 46/28 |
| Specification: | COMPENDIUM ADDENDUM 4/FNP 52 Add.4/171 |
From apps.who.int
Computed Descriptors
Download SDF| 2D Structure | |
| CID | 17816 |
| IUPAC Name | prop-2-enyl 3-methylbutanoate |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C8H14O2/c1-4-5-10-8(9)6-7(2)3/h4,7H,1,5-6H2,2-3H3 |
| InChI Key | HOMAGVUCNZNWBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Canonical SMILES | CC(C)CC(=O)OCC=C |
| Molecular Formula | C8H14O2 |
| Wikipedia | allyl isovalerate |
From Pubchem
Computed Properties
| Property Name | Property Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight | 142.198 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 2 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 5 |
| Complexity | 116.0 |
| CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint | A A A D c c B w M A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A G g A A A A A A D Q C g g A I C C A A A B A C I A C D S C A A A A A A A A A A I A A E A A A A A B B A A I Q A C A A A E A A A A I A A A A A A I A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A = = |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 26.3 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 142.099 |
| Exact Mass | 142.099 |
| XLogP3 | None |
| XLogP3-AA | 2.0 |
| Compound Is Canonicalized | True |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 10 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
From Pubchem
ADMET Predicted Profile --- Classification
| Model | Result | Probability |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Blood-Brain Barrier | BBB+ | 0.9805 |
| Human Intestinal Absorption | HIA+ | 0.9920 |
| Caco-2 Permeability | Caco2+ | 0.6701 |
| P-glycoprotein Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.7371 |
| P-glycoprotein Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8331 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.9408 | |
| Renal Organic Cation Transporter | Non-inhibitor | 0.9128 |
| Distribution | ||
| Subcellular localization | Mitochondria | 0.6442 |
| Metabolism | ||
| CYP450 2C9 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.8551 |
| CYP450 2D6 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.9063 |
| CYP450 3A4 Substrate | Non-substrate | 0.6298 |
| CYP450 1A2 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.7391 |
| CYP450 2C9 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9206 |
| CYP450 2D6 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9476 |
| CYP450 2C19 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.8913 |
| CYP450 3A4 Inhibitor | Non-inhibitor | 0.9115 |
| CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity | 0.8601 |
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Human Ether-a-go-go-Related Gene Inhibition | Weak inhibitor | 0.9664 |
| Non-inhibitor | 0.9572 | |
| AMES Toxicity | Non AMES toxic | 0.9382 |
| Carcinogens | Carcinogens | 0.6973 |
| Fish Toxicity | High FHMT | 0.9822 |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | High TPT | 0.9108 |
| Honey Bee Toxicity | High HBT | 0.8239 |
| Biodegradation | Ready biodegradable | 0.7162 |
| Acute Oral Toxicity | II | 0.7496 |
| Carcinogenicity (Three-class) | Warning | 0.5400 |
From admetSAR
ADMET Predicted Profile --- Regression
| Model | Value | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Absorption | ||
| Aqueous solubility | -1.8429 | LogS |
| Caco-2 Permeability | 1.3362 | LogPapp, cm/s |
| Distribution | ||
| Metabolism | ||
| Excretion | ||
| Toxicity | ||
| Rat Acute Toxicity | 1.9655 | LD50, mol/kg |
| Fish Toxicity | 0.2929 | pLC50, mg/L |
| Tetrahymena Pyriformis Toxicity | 0.1416 | pIGC50, ug/L |
From admetSAR
Toxicity Profile
| Route of Exposure | None |
|---|---|
| Mechanism of Toxicity | Allyl isovalerate has low irritancy potential. It is deduced that one of its metabolites, isovaleric acid, is toxic, based upon the effects of an inborn error of leucine metabolism caused by isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency . |
| Metabolism | Allyl isovalerate is metabolized to isovaleric acid, which can conjugate with glycine, and allyl alcohol, which could then be further metabolized via two pathways to form either acrolein or glycidol, from which a variety of metabolites could result . |
| Toxicity Values | LD50: 230 mg/kg (Oral, Rat) LD50: 500 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) LD50: 560 mg/kg (Dermal, Rabbit) |
| Lethal Dose | None |
| Carcinogenicity (IARC Classification) | 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. |
| Minimum Risk Level | None |
| Health Effects | Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. Exposure via inhalation may result in bronchospasm and rarely, upper airway swelling or acute lung injury (T36, L1275). |
| Treatment | Consider dilution with water or milk in case of ingestion. After inhalation, move patient to fresh air and monitor for respiratory distress. In case of eye exposure, irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. |
| Reference |
|
From T3DB
Taxonomic Classification
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Superclass | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
| Class | Fatty Acyls |
| Subclass | Fatty acid esters |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Fatty acid esters |
| Alternative Parents | |
| Molecular Framework | Aliphatic acyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Fatty acid ester - Carboxylic acid ester - Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives - Carboxylic acid derivative - Organic oxygen compound - Organic oxide - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Carbonyl group - Aliphatic acyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as fatty acid esters. These are carboxylic ester derivatives of a fatty acid. |
From ClassyFire