Tetanus toxin

Name	Tetanus toxin
Synonyms	3.4.24.68 Tentoxylysin
Gene Name	tetX
Organism	Clostridium tetani (strain Massachusetts / E88)
Amino acid sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0010989\|Tetanus toxin MPITINNFRYSDPVNNDTIIMMEPPYCKGLDIYYKAFKITDRIWIVPERYEFGTKPEDFN PPSSLIEGASEYYDPNYLRTDSDKDRFLQTMVKLFNRIKNNVAGEALLDKIINAIPYLGN SYSLLDKFDTNSNSVSFNLLEQDPSGATTKSAMLTNLIIFGPGPVLNKNEVRGIVLRVDN KNYFPCRDGFGSIMQMAFCPEYVPTFDNVIENITSLTIGKSKYFQDPALLLMHELIHVLH GLYGMQVSSHEIIPSKQEIYMQHTYPISAEELFTFGGQDANLISIDIKNDLYEKTLNDYK AIANKLSQVTSCNDPNIDIDSYKQIYQQKYQFDKDSNGQYIVNEDKFQILYNSIMYGFTE IELGKKFNIKTRLSYFSMNHDPVKIPNLLDDTIYNDTEGFNIESKDLKSEYKGQNMRVNT NAFRNVDGSGLVSKLIGLCKKIIPPTNIRENLYNRTASLTDLGGELCIKIKNEDLTFIAE KNSFSEEPFQDEIVSYNTKNKPLNFNYSLDKIIVDYNLQSKITLPNDRTTPVTKGIPYAP EYKSNAASTIEIHNIDDNTIYQYLYAQKSPTTLQRITMTNSVDDALINSTKIYSYFPSVI SKVNQGAQGILFLQWVRDIIDDFTNESSQKTTIDKISDVSTIVPYIGPALNIVKQGYEGN FIGALETTGVVLLLEYIPEITLPVIAALSIAESSTQKEKIIKTIDNFLEKRYEKWIEVYK LVKAKWLGTVNTQFQKRSYQMYRSLEYQVDAIKKIIDYEYKIYSGPDKEQIADEINNLKN KLEEKANKAMININIFMRESSRSFLVNQMINEAKKQLLEFDTQSKNILMQYIKANSKFIG ITELKKLESKINKVFSTPIPFSYSKNLDCWVDNEEDIDVILKKSTILNLDINNDIISDIS GFNSSVITYPDAQLVPGINGKAIHLVNNESSEVIVHKAMDIEYNDMFNNFTVSFWLRVPK VSASHLEQYGTNEYSIISSMKKHSLSIGSGWSVSLKGNNLIWTLKDSAGEVRQITFRDLP DKFNAYLANKWVFITITNDRLSSANLYINGVLMGSAEITGLGAIREDNNITLKLDRCNNN NQYVSIDKFRIFCKALNPKEIEKLYTSYLSITFLRDFWGNPLRYDTEYYLIPVASSSKDV QLKNITDYMYLTNAPSYTNGKLNIYYRRLYNGLKFIIKRYTPNNEIDSFVKSGDFIKLYV SYNNNEHIVGYPKDGNAFNNLDRILRVGYNAPGIPLYKKMEAVKLRDLKTYSVQLKLYDD KNASLGLVGTHNGQIGNDPNRDILIASNWYFNHLKDKILGCDWYFVPTDEGWTND
Number of residues	None
Molecular Weight	150680.98
Theoretical pI	5.91
GO Classification	Functions zinc ion binding metalloendopeptidase activity protein transmembrane transporter activity Processes pathogenesis negative regulation of neurotransmitter secretion inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake protein transmembrane transport Components clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane extracellular region plasma membrane cytosol endocytic vesicle membrane
General Function	Zinc ion binding
Specific Function	Tetanus toxin acts by inhibiting neurotransmitter release. It binds to peripheral neuronal synapses, is internalized and moves by retrograde transport up the axon into the spinal cord where it can move between postsynaptic and presynaptic neurons. It inhibits neurotransmitter release by acting as a zinc endopeptidase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the '76-Gln-\|-Phe-77' bond of synaptobrevin-2.
Transmembrane Regions
GenBank Protein ID
UniProtKB ID	P04958
UniProtKB Entry Name
Cellular Location	Cytoplasmic
Gene sequence	>lcl\|BSEQ0002800\|3948 bp ATGCCAATAACCATAAATAATTTTAGATATAGTGATCCTGTTAATAATGATACAATTATT ATGATGGAGCCACCATACTGTAAGGGTCTAGATATCTATTATAAGGCTTTCAAAATAACA GATCGTATTTGGATAGTGCCGGAAAGGTATGAATTTGGGACAAAACCTGAAGATTTTAAC CCACCATCTTCATTAATAGAAGGTGCATCTGAGTATTACGATCCAAATTATTTAAGGACT GATTCTGATAAAGATAGATTTTTACAAACCATGGTAAAACTGTTTAACAGAATTAAAAAC AATGTAGCAGGTGAAGCCTTATTAGATAAGATAATAAATGCCATACCTTACCTTGGAAAT TCATATTCCTTACTAGACAAGTTTGATACAAACTCTAATTCAGTATCTTTTAATTTATTA GAACAAGACCCCAGTGGAGCAACTACAAAATCAGCAATGCTGACAAATTTAATAATATTT GGACCTGGGCCTGTTTTAAATAAAAATGAGGTTAGAGGTATTGTATTGAGGGTAGATAAT AAAAATTACTTCCCATGTAGAGATGGTTTTGGCTCAATAATGCAAATGGCATTTTGCCCA GAATATGTACCTACCTTTGATAATGTAATAGAAAATATTACGTCACTCACTATTGGCAAA AGCAAATATTTTCAAGATCCAGCATTACTATTAATGCACGAACTTATACATGTACTACAT GGTTTATACGGAATGCAGGTATCAAGCCATGAAATTATTCCATCCAAACAAGAAATTTAT ATGCAGCATACATATCCAATAAGTGCTGAAGAACTATTCACTTTTGGCGGACAGGATGCT AATCTTATAAGTATTGATATAAAAAACGATTTATATGAAAAAACTTTAAATGATTATAAA GCTATAGCTAACAAACTTAGTCAAGTCACTAGCTGCAATGATCCCAACATTGATATTGAT AGCTACAAACAAATATATCAACAAAAATATCAATTCGATAAAGATAGCAATGGACAATAT ATTGTAAATGAGGATAAATTTCAGATACTATATAATAGCATAATGTATGGTTTTACAGAG ATTGAATTGGGAAAAAAATTTAATATAAAAACTAGACTTTCTTATTTTAGTATGAATCAT GACCCTGTAAAAATTCCAAATTTATTAGATGATACAATTTACAATGATACAGAAGGATTT AATATAGAAAGCAAAGATCTGAAATCTGAATATAAAGGACAAAATATGAGGGTAAATACA AATGCTTTTAGAAATGTTGATGGATCAGGCCTAGTTTCAAAACTTATTGGCTTATGTAAA AAAATTATACCACCAACAAATATAAGAGAAAATTTATATAATAGAACTGCATCATTAACA GATTTAGGAGGAGAATTATGTATAAAAATTAAAAATGAAGATTTAACTTTTATAGCTGAA AAAAATAGCTTTTCAGAAGAACCATTTCAAGATGAAATAGTTAGTTATAATACAAAAAAT AAACCATTAAATTTTAATTATTCGCTAGATAAAATTATTGTAGATTATAATCTACAAAGT AAAATTACATTACCTAATGATAGGACAACCCCAGTTACAAAAGGAATTCCATATGCTCCA GAATATAAAAGTAATGCTGCAAGTACAATAGAAATACATAATATTGATGACAATACAATA TATCAATATTTGTATGCTCAAAAATCTCCTACAACTCTACAAAGAATAACTATGACTAAT TCTGTTGATGACGCATTAATAAATTCCACCAAAATATATTCATATTTTCCATCTGTAATC AGTAAAGTTAACCAAGGTGCACAAGGAATTTTATTCTTACAGTGGGTGAGAGATATAATT GATGATTTTACCAATGAATCTTCACAAAAAACTACTATTGATAAAATTTCAGATGTATCC ACTATTGTTCCTTATATAGGACCCGCATTAAACATTGTAAAACAAGGCTATGAGGGAAAC TTTATAGGCGCTTTAGAAACTACCGGAGTGGTTTTATTATTAGAATATATTCCAGAAATT ACTTTACCAGTAATTGCAGCTTTATCTATAGCAGAAAGTAGCACACAAAAAGAAAAGATA ATAAAAACAATAGATAACTTTTTAGAAAAAAGATATGAAAAATGGATTGAAGTATATAAA CTAGTAAAAGCAAAATGGTTAGGCACAGTTAATACGCAATTCCAAAAAAGAAGTTATCAA ATGTATAGATCTTTAGAATATCAAGTAGATGCAATAAAAAAAATAATAGACTATGAATAT AAAATATATTCAGGACCTGATAAGGAACAAATTGCCGACGAAATTAATAATCTGAAAAAC AAACTTGAAGAAAAGGCTAATAAAGCAATGATAAACATAAATATATTTATGAGGGAAAGT TCTAGATCATTTTTAGTTAATCAAATGATTAACGAAGCTAAAAAGCAGTTATTAGAGTTT GATACTCAAAGCAAAAATATTTTAATGCAGTATATAAAAGCAAATTCTAAATTTATAGGT ATAACTGAACTAAAAAAATTAGAATCAAAAATAAACAAAGTTTTTTCAACACCAATTCCA TTTTCTTATTCTAAAAATCTGGATTGTTGGGTTGATAATGAAGAAGATATAGATGTTATA TTAAAAAAGAGTACAATTTTAAATTTAGATATTAATAATGATATTATATCAGATATATCT GGGTTTAATTCATCTGTAATAACATATCCAGATGCTCAATTGGTGCCCGGAATAAATGGC AAAGCAATACATTTAGTAAACAATGAATCTTCTGAAGTTATAGTGCATAAAGCTATGGAT ATTGAATATAATGATATGTTTAATAATTTTACCGTTAGCTTTTGGTTGAGGGTTCCTAAA GTATCTGCTAGTCATTTAGAACAATATGGCACAAATGAGTATTCAATAATTAGCTCTATG AAAAAACATAGTCTATCAATAGGATCTGGTTGGAGTGTATCACTTAAAGGTAATAACTTA ATATGGACTTTAAAAGATTCCGCGGGAGAAGTTAGACAAATAACTTTTAGGGATTTACCT GATAAATTTAATGCTTATTTAGCAAATAAATGGGTTTTTATAACTATTACTAATGATAGA TTATCTTCTGCTAATTTGTATATAAATGGAGTACTTATGGGAAGTGCAGAAATTACTGGT TTAGGAGCTATTAGAGAGGATAATAATATAACATTAAAACTAGATAGATGTAATAATAAT AATCAATACGTTTCTATTGATAAATTTAGGATATTTTGCAAAGCATTAAATCCAAAAGAG ATTGAAAAATTATACACAAGTTATTTATCTATAACCTTTTTAAGAGACTTCTGGGGAAAC CCTTTACGATATGATACAGAATATTATTTAATACCAGTAGCTTCTAGTTCTAAAGATGTT CAATTGAAAAATATAACAGATTATATGTATTTGACAAATGCGCCATCGTATACTAACGGA AAATTGAATATATATTATAGAAGGTTATATAATGGACTAAAATTTATTATAAAAAGATAT ACACCTAATAATGAAATAGATTCTTTTGTTAAATCAGGTGATTTTATTAAATTATATGTA TCATATAACAATAATGAGCACATTGTAGGTTATCCGAAAGATGGAAATGCCTTTAATAAT CTTGATAGAATTCTAAGAGTAGGTTATAATGCCCCAGGTATCCCTCTTTATAAAAAAATG GAAGCAGTAAAATTGCGTGATTTAAAAACCTATTCTGTACAACTTAAATTATATGATGAT AAAAATGCATCTTTAGGACTAGTAGGTACCCATAATGGTCAAATAGGCAACGATCCAAAT AGGGATATATTAATTGCAAGCAACTGGTACTTTAATCATTTAAAAGATAAAATTTTAGGA TGTGATTGGTACTTTGTACCTACAGATGAAGGATGGACAAATGATTAA
GenBank Gene ID
GeneCard ID	None
GenAtlas ID
HGNC ID
Chromosome Location	None
Locus	None
References	Eisel U, Jarausch W, Goretzki K, Henschen A, Engels J, Weller U, Hudel M, Habermann E, Niemann H: Tetanus toxin: primary structure, expression in E. coli, and homology with botulinum toxins. EMBO J. 1986 Oct;5(10):2495-502. [3536478 ] Fairweather NF, Lyness VA: The complete nucleotide sequence of tetanus toxin. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Oct 10;14(19):7809-12. [3774547 ] Bruggemann H, Baumer S, Fricke WF, Wiezer A, Liesegang H, Decker I, Herzberg C, Martinez-Arias R, Merkl R, Henne A, Gottschalk G: The genome sequence of Clostridium tetani, the causative agent of tetanus disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Feb 4;100(3):1316-21. Epub 2003 Jan 27. [12552129 ] Fairweather NF, Lyness VA, Pickard DJ, Allen G, Thomson RO: Cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression of tetanus toxin fragment C in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1986 Jan;165(1):21-7. [3510187 ] Krieglstein K, Henschen A, Weller U, Habermann E: Arrangement of disulfide bridges and positions of sulfhydryl groups in tetanus toxin. Eur J Biochem. 1990 Feb 22;188(1):39-45. [2108021 ] Krieglstein KG, Henschen AH, Weller U, Habermann E: Limited proteolysis of tetanus toxin. Relation to activity and identification of cleavage sites. Eur J Biochem. 1991 Nov 15;202(1):41-51. [1935979 ] Schiavo G, Poulain B, Rossetto O, Benfenati F, Tauc L, Montecucco C: Tetanus toxin is a zinc protein and its inhibition of neurotransmitter release and protease activity depend on zinc. EMBO J. 1992 Oct;11(10):3577-83. [1396558 ] Schiavo G, Benfenati F, Poulain B, Rossetto O, Polverino de Laureto P, DasGupta BR, Montecucco C: Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin. Nature. 1992 Oct 29;359(6398):832-5. [1331807 ] Umland TC, Wingert LM, Swaminathan S, Furey WF, Schmidt JJ, Sax M: Structure of the receptor binding fragment HC of tetanus neurotoxin. Nat Struct Biol. 1997 Oct;4(10):788-92. [9334741 ]

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